用于生物物质检测的功能荧光分子探针的开发。

Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan.

School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan.

Biosensors (Basel). 2015 Jun 18;5(2):337-63. doi: 10.3390/bios5020337.

This review is confined to sensors that use fluorescence to transmit biochemical information. Fluorescence is, by far, the most frequently exploited phenomenon for chemical sensors and biosensors. Parameters that define the application of such sensors include intensity, decay time, anisotropy, quenching efficiency, and luminescence energy transfer. To achieve selective (bio)molecular recognition based on these fluorescence phenomena, various fluorescent elements such as small organic molecules, enzymes, antibodies, and oligonucleotides have been designed and synthesized over the past decades. This review describes the immense variety of fluorescent probes that have been designed for the recognitions of ions, small and large molecules, and their biological applications in terms of intracellular fluorescent imaging techniques.

本综述仅限于使用荧光传递生化信息的传感器。到目前为止，荧光是化学传感器和生物传感器最常利用的现象。定义此类传感器应用的参数包括强度、衰减时间、各向异性、猝灭效率和发光能量转移。为了基于这些荧光现象实现选择性（生物）分子识别，过去几十年来，设计和合成了各种荧光元件，如小分子、酶、抗体和寡核苷酸。本综述描述了为识别离子、小分子和大分子及其在细胞内荧光成像技术中的生物应用而设计的各种荧光探针。