Resch Bernhard, Gutmann C, Reiterer F, Luxner J, Urlesberger B
Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34/2, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Infection. 2016 Jun;44(3):323-7. doi: 10.1007/s15010-015-0858-7. Epub 2015 Oct 30.
To evaluate the influence of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) colonization on neonatal pulmonary and cerebral morbidity.
Single-center case-control study including all preterm infants with positive UU tracheal colonization between 1990 and 2012. Cases were matched with controls by birth year, gestational age, birth weight, and sex. All cases had received macrolide antibiotics for UU infection starting at the time of first positive culture results from tracheal aspirates. Main outcome parameters included presence and severity of hyaline membrane disease (IRDS), duration of ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 postmenstrual age and neurological morbidities (seizures, intra-/periventricular hemorrhages-I/PVH, periventricular leukomalacia-PVL).
Of 74 cases identified 8 died and 4 had to be excluded; thus, 62 preterm infants were compared to 62 matched controls. UU was significantly associated with IRDS (79 vs. 61 %, p = 0.015), BPD (24 vs. 6 %, p = 0.003), seizures (23 vs. 5 %, p = 0.002) and I/PVH (45 vs. 24 %, p = 0.028). Cases had longer duration of mechanical ventilation and total duration of invasive and non-invasive ventilation (median 11 vs. 6 days p = 0.006 and 25 vs. 16.5 days p = 0.019, respectively).
UU was found to be significantly associated with pulmonary short- and long-term morbidity and mild cerebral impairment despite treatment with macrolide antibiotics.
评估解脲脲原体（UU）定植对新生儿肺部和脑部发病的影响。
单中心病例对照研究，纳入1990年至2012年间气管UU定植阳性的所有早产儿。病例根据出生年份、胎龄、出生体重和性别与对照组进行匹配。所有病例自气管吸出物首次培养结果呈阳性时起接受大环内酯类抗生素治疗UU感染。主要结局参数包括透明膜病（IRDS）的存在及严重程度、通气时间、孕36周时支气管肺发育不良以及神经疾病（癫痫、脑室内/脑室周围出血-I/PVH、脑室周围白质软化-PVL）。
在确定的74例病例中，8例死亡，4例必须排除；因此，将62例早产儿与62例匹配的对照组进行比较。UU与IRDS（79%对61%，p = 0.015）、BPD（24%对6%，p = 0.003）、癫痫（23%对5%，p = 0.002）和I/PVH（45%对24%，p = 0.028）显著相关。病例的机械通气时间以及有创和无创通气总时间更长（中位数分别为11天对6天，p = 0.006；25天对16.5天，p = 0.019）。
尽管使用了大环内酯类抗生素治疗，但发现UU与肺部短期和长期发病以及轻度脑损伤显著相关。
