Blair Sandra L, Epstein Scott A, Nizkorodov Sergey A, Staimer Norbert
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
Aerosol Sci Technol. 2015;49(9):816-827. doi: 10.1080/02786826.2015.1076156.
Tobacco-free electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), which are currently not regulated by the FDA, have become widespread as a "safe" form of smoking. One approach to evaluate the potential toxicity of e-cigarettes and other types of potentially "reduced-harm" cigarettes is to compare their emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including reactive organic electrophillic compounds such as acrolein, and particulate matter to those of conventional and reference cigarettes. Our newly designed fast-flow tube system enabled us to analyze VOC composition and particle number concentration in real-time by promptly diluting puffs of mainstream smoke obtained from different brands of combustion cigarettes and e-cigarettes. A proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTRMS) was used to analyze real-time cigarette VOC emissions with a 1 s time resolution. Particles were detected with a condensation particle counter (CPC). This technique offers real-time analysis of VOCs and particles in each puff without sample aging and does not require any sample pretreatment or extra handling. Several important determining factors in VOC and particle concentration were investigated: (1) puff frequency; (2) puff number; (3) tar content; (4) filter type. Results indicate that electronic cigarettes are not free from acrolein and acetaldehyde emissions and produce comparable particle number concentrations to those of combustion cigarettes, more specifically to the 1R5F reference cigarette. Unlike conventional cigarettes, which emit different amounts of particles and VOCs each puff, there was no significant puff dependence in the e-cigarette emissions. Charcoal filter cigarettes did not fully prevent the emission of acrolein and other VOCs.
不含烟草的电子烟目前不受美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）监管，已作为一种“安全”的吸烟形式广泛传播。评估电子烟和其他类型潜在“低危害”香烟潜在毒性的一种方法是，将它们挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的排放，包括丙烯醛等活性有机亲电化合物以及颗粒物排放，与传统香烟和参比香烟进行比较。我们新设计的快速流动管系统，通过迅速稀释从不同品牌燃烧香烟和电子烟获得的主流烟雾抽吸口，使我们能够实时分析VOC成分和颗粒数浓度。使用质子转移反应飞行时间质谱仪（PTRMS）以1秒的时间分辨率实时分析香烟VOC排放。用冷凝粒子计数器（CPC）检测颗粒。该技术可对每次抽吸中的VOC和颗粒进行实时分析，无需任何样品预处理或额外处理。研究了VOC和颗粒浓度的几个重要决定因素：（1）抽吸频率；（2）抽吸次数；（3）焦油含量；（4）过滤嘴类型。结果表明，电子烟并非不排放丙烯醛和乙醛，并且产生的颗粒数浓度与燃烧香烟相当，更具体地说是与1R5F参比香烟相当。与传统香烟每次抽吸排放不同量的颗粒和VOCs不同，电子烟排放中没有明显的抽吸依赖性。活性炭过滤嘴香烟并不能完全阻止丙烯醛和其他VOCs的排放。
