Morey Richard D, Chambers Christopher D, Etchells Peter J, Harris Christine R, Hoekstra Rink, Lakens Daniël, Lewandowsky Stephan, Morey Candice Coker, Newman Daniel P, Schönbrodt Felix D, Vanpaemel Wolf, Wagenmakers Eric-Jan, Zwaan Rolf A
Cardiff University , Cardiff, UK.
Bath Spa University , Bath, UK.
R Soc Open Sci. 2016 Jan 13;3(1):150547. doi: 10.1098/rsos.150547. eCollection 2016 Jan.
Openness is one of the central values of science. Open scientific practices such as sharing data, materials and analysis scripts alongside published articles have many benefits, including easier replication and extension studies, increased availability of data for theory-building and meta-analysis, and increased possibility of review and collaboration even after a paper has been published. Although modern information technology makes sharing easier than ever before, uptake of open practices had been slow. We suggest this might be in part due to a social dilemma arising from misaligned incentives and propose a specific, concrete mechanism-reviewers withholding comprehensive review-to achieve the goal of creating the expectation of open practices as a matter of scientific principle.
开放性是科学的核心价值观之一。开放的科学实践，如在发表文章的同时共享数据、材料和分析脚本，有许多好处，包括更容易进行复制和扩展研究、增加用于理论构建和元分析的数据可用性，以及即使在论文发表后也增加了同行评审和合作的可能性。尽管现代信息技术使共享比以往任何时候都更容易，但开放实践的采用一直很缓慢。我们认为，这可能部分是由于激励措施不一致所产生的社会困境，并提出了一种具体的机制——审稿人不进行全面评审——以实现将开放实践作为科学原则来创建预期的目标。
