Pisarska Agnieszka, Eisman Andria, Ostaszewski Krzysztof, Zimmerman Marc A
a Department of Public Health , Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology , Warsaw , Poland.
b Department of Health Behavior and Health Education , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2016 Aug 23;51(10):1283-96. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2016.1168442. Epub 2016 May 25.
Youth in Poland are at notable risk for substance use. Guided by resiliency theory, we examine if developmental risk and promotive factors are associated with substance abuse risk.
We examined the association between adolescent cigarette and alcohol use and related risk and promotive factors including maternal support, neighbors' informal social control, friends' acceptance of substance use, and alcohol and cigarette use by nonparental adults.
Data were collected from a random sample of 13- to 14-year-old students attending Warsaw middle schools (N = 3029). We used hierarchical regression models and examined compensatory and protective models of resilience, controlling for sociodemograhic factors.
Our results indicated that friends' acceptance of substance use and perceived drug use among nonparental adults was associated with increased risk cigarette and alcohol use among youth. We found that maternal support moderated the relationship between friends' acceptance of substance use and cigarette use (protective model of resilience). Thus, mother support buffered the negative effects of friends' acceptance of substance use on youths' cigarette use. Neighbor's informal social control and maternal support were associated with reduced risk of alcohol use (compensatory model of resilience).
Collectively, results of the study support compensatory and protective models of resilience in a large representative sample of Warsaw adolescents.
波兰的青少年面临着显著的物质使用风险。以复原力理论为指导，我们研究发展风险和促进因素是否与药物滥用风险相关。
我们研究了青少年吸烟和饮酒与相关风险及促进因素之间的关联，这些因素包括母亲的支持、邻居的非正式社会控制、朋友对物质使用的接受程度以及非父母成年人的吸烟和饮酒情况。
数据来自华沙中学13至14岁学生的随机样本（N = 3029）。我们使用分层回归模型，并研究了复原力的补偿和保护模型，同时控制社会人口学因素。
我们的结果表明，朋友对物质使用的接受程度以及非父母成年人中感知到的药物使用与青少年吸烟和饮酒风险增加相关。我们发现母亲的支持调节了朋友对物质使用的接受程度与吸烟之间的关系（复原力的保护模型）。因此，母亲的支持缓冲了朋友对物质使用的接受程度对青少年吸烟的负面影响。邻居的非正式社会控制和母亲的支持与饮酒风险降低相关（复原力的补偿模型）。
总体而言，该研究结果支持了华沙青少年这一具有广泛代表性样本中的复原力补偿和保护模型。
