Huh Dongsung, Sejnowski Terrence J
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London, London W1T 4JG, United Kingdom;
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Aug 2;113(31):8831-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1608724113. Epub 2016 Jul 14.
Optimal control models of biological movements introduce external task factors to specify the pace of movements. Here, we present the dual to the principle of optimality based on a conserved quantity, called "drive," that represents the influence of internal motivation level on movement pace. Optimal control and drive conservation provide equivalent descriptions for the regularities observed within individual movements. For regularities across movements, drive conservation predicts a previously unidentified scaling law between the overall size and speed of various self-paced hand movements in the absence of any external tasks, which we confirmed with psychophysical experiments. Drive can be interpreted as a high-level control variable that sets the overall pace of movements and may be represented in the brain as the tonic levels of neuromodulators that control the level of internal motivation, thus providing insights into how internal states affect biological motor control.
生物运动的最优控制模型引入外部任务因素来确定运动的节奏。在此，我们基于一个被称为“驱动力”的守恒量提出最优性原理的对偶原理，该守恒量代表内部动机水平对运动节奏的影响。最优控制和驱动力守恒为个体运动中观察到的规律提供了等效的描述。对于跨运动的规律，驱动力守恒预测了在没有任何外部任务的情况下各种自定节奏手部运动的整体大小和速度之间先前未被识别的标度律，我们通过心理物理学实验证实了这一点。驱动力可以被解释为一个设定运动整体节奏的高级控制变量，并且在大脑中可能由控制内部动机水平的神经调质的紧张性水平来表示，从而为内部状态如何影响生物运动控制提供了见解。
