Lund-Blix Nicolai A, Rønningen Kjersti S, Bøås Håkon, Tapia German, Andersen Lene F
Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Food Nutr Res. 2016 Aug 16;60:31933. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.31933. eCollection 2016.
There is a lack of studies comparing dietary assessment methods with the biomarkers of fatty acids in children.
The objective was to evaluate the suitability of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to rank young children according to their intake of dairy and fish products by comparing food frequency estimates to the plasma phospholipid fatty acids pentadecanoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
Cross-sectional data for the present study were derived from the prospective cohort 'Environmental Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes Study'. Infants were recruited from the Norwegian general population during 2001-2007. One hundred and ten (age 3-10 years) children had sufficient volumes of plasma and FFQ filled in within 2 months from blood sampling and were included in this evaluation study. The quantitative determination of plasma phospholipid fatty acids was done by fatty acid methyl ester analysis. The association between the frequency of dairy and fish product intake and the plasma phospholipid fatty acids was assessed by a Spearman correlation analysis and by investigating whether participants were classified into the same quartiles of distribution.
Significant correlations were found between pentadecanoic acid and the intake frequency of total dairy products (r=0.29), total fat dairy products (r=0.39), and cheese products (r=0.36). EPA and DHA were significantly correlated with the intake frequency of oily fish (r=0.26 and 0.37, respectively) and cod liver/fish oil supplements (r=0.47 for EPA and r=0.50 DHA). To a large extent, the FFQ was able to classify individuals into the same quartile as the relevant fatty acid biomarker.
The present study suggests that, when using the plasma phospholipid fatty acids pentadecanoic acid, EPA, and DHA as biomarkers, the FFQ used in young children showed a moderate capability to rank the intake frequency of dairy products with a high-fat content and cod liver/fish oil supplements.
目前缺乏关于儿童膳食评估方法与脂肪酸生物标志物对比的研究。
通过比较食物频率估计值与血浆磷脂脂肪酸十五烷酸、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），评估食物频率问卷（FFQ）根据幼儿乳制品和鱼类产品摄入量进行排名的适用性。
本研究的横断面数据来自前瞻性队列“1型糖尿病的环境触发因素研究”。2001年至2007年期间从挪威普通人群中招募婴儿。110名（3至10岁）儿童在采血后2个月内有足够量的血浆且填写了FFQ，被纳入本评估研究。血浆磷脂脂肪酸的定量测定通过脂肪酸甲酯分析完成。通过Spearman相关性分析以及调查参与者是否被归入相同的分布四分位数，评估乳制品和鱼类产品摄入频率与血浆磷脂脂肪酸之间的关联。
发现十五烷酸与总乳制品摄入频率（r = 0.29）、全脂乳制品摄入频率（r = 0.39）和奶酪产品摄入频率（r = 0.36）之间存在显著相关性。EPA和DHA与油性鱼类摄入频率（分别为r = 0.26和0.37）以及鳕鱼肝油/鱼油补充剂摄入频率（EPA为r = 0.47，DHA为r = 0.50）显著相关。在很大程度上，FFQ能够将个体归入与相关脂肪酸生物标志物相同的四分位数。
本研究表明，当使用血浆磷脂脂肪酸十五烷酸、EPA和DHA作为生物标志物时，用于幼儿的FFQ在对高脂肪含量乳制品和鳕鱼肝油/鱼油补充剂的摄入频率进行排名方面显示出中等能力。
