Chadeganipour Mostafa, Mohammadi Rasoul
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Clin Lab Anal. 2016 Nov;30(6):1013-1020. doi: 10.1002/jcla.21973. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
Onychomycosis is principally caused by dermatophyte species, but nondermatophyte molds and yeasts have also been involved, causing different clinical manifestations. The aim of this investigation is to determine the clinicomycological and epidemiological profile of the etiologic agents of onychomycosis.
The study population included 9,785 suspected cases of onychomycosis referred to the Medical Mycology Reference Laboratory in Isfahan, Iran, during 2007-2014. Nail clipping was collected in sterile Petri dishes for direct microscopic examination and culture. Clinical isolates were identified by using phenotypic tests and molecular techniques.
Of total 9,785 cases with clinical suspicion of onychomycosis comprised in the present study, 1,284 patients (13.1%) were positive by direct microscopy. Age range of patients was between 1 and 82 years. Housewives were the commonest infected population. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species isolated from patients in this study (34.9%) followed by Trichophyton interdigitale (11.7%) and Aspergillus flavus (9.1%).
The pattern of causative agents and clinical signs of onychomycosis is altering region to region, so repeated epidemiological surveys of onychomycosis seems to be fundamental. The present study provides novel and appropriate epidemiologic data of onychomycosis for the better prevention and treatment of this fungal infection.
甲癣主要由皮肤癣菌引起，但非皮肤癣菌霉菌和酵母菌也与之相关，会导致不同的临床表现。本研究的目的是确定甲癣病原体的临床真菌学和流行病学特征。
研究人群包括2007年至2014年期间转诊至伊朗伊斯法罕医学真菌参考实验室的9785例疑似甲癣病例。将指甲剪收集在无菌培养皿中用于直接显微镜检查和培养。通过表型试验和分子技术鉴定临床分离株。
在本研究纳入的9785例临床疑似甲癣病例中，1284例患者（13.1%）直接显微镜检查呈阳性。患者年龄范围为1至82岁。家庭主妇是最常见的感染人群。白色念珠菌是本研究中从患者分离出的最常见菌种（34.9%），其次是指间毛癣菌（11.7%）和黄曲霉（9.1%）。
甲癣的病原体模式和临床体征因地区而异，因此对甲癣进行反复的流行病学调查似乎至关重要。本研究为更好地预防和治疗这种真菌感染提供了新的、合适的甲癣流行病学数据。
