Di Daniele Nicola, Noce Annalisa, Vidiri Maria Francesca, Moriconi Eleonora, Marrone Giulia, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli Margherita, D'Urso Gabriele, Tesauro Manfredi, Rovella Valentina, De Lorenzo Antonino
Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy.
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy.
Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 31;8(5):8947-8979. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13553.
Obesity symbolizes a major public health problem. Overweight and obesity are associated to the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome and to adipose tissue dysfunction. The adipose tissue is metabolically active and an endocrine organ, whose dysregulation causes a low-grade inflammatory state and ectopic fat depositions. The Mediterranean Diet represents a possible therapy for metabolic syndrome, preventing adiposopathy or "sick fat" formation.The Mediterranean Diet exerts protective effects in elderly subjects with and without baseline of chronic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between cancer and obesity. In the US, diet represents amount 30-35% of death causes related to cancer. Currently, the cancer is the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Furthermore, populations living in the Mediterranean area have a decreased incidence of cancer compared with populations living in Northern Europe or the US, likely due to healthier dietary habits. The bioactive food components have a potential preventive action on cancer. The aims of this review are to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean Diet on onset, progression and regression of metabolic syndrome, cancer and on longevity.
肥胖是一个重大的公共卫生问题。超重和肥胖与代谢综合征的发生以及脂肪组织功能障碍有关。脂肪组织具有代谢活性，是一个内分泌器官，其功能失调会导致低度炎症状态和异位脂肪沉积。地中海饮食是治疗代谢综合征的一种可能方法，可预防脂肪病或“病态脂肪”的形成。地中海饮食对患有和未患有慢性病基线的老年人具有保护作用。最近的研究表明癌症与肥胖之间存在关联。在美国，饮食占癌症相关死亡原因的30%-35%。目前，癌症是全球仅次于心血管疾病的第二大死因。此外，与生活在北欧或美国的人群相比，生活在地中海地区的人群癌症发病率较低，这可能是由于更健康的饮食习惯。生物活性食物成分对癌症具有潜在的预防作用。本综述的目的是评估地中海饮食对代谢综合征、癌症的发生、发展和逆转以及对长寿的影响。
