Marmeleira José, Veiga Guida, Cansado Hugo, Raimundo Armando
Department of Sport and Health, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Vila Real, Portugal.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2017 Apr;53(4):348-353. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13446. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between motor skill competence and body composition of 6- to 10-year-old children.
Seventy girls and 86 boys participated. Body composition was measured by body mass index and skinfold thickness. Motor proficiency was evaluated through the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Short Form, which included measures of gross motor skills and fine motor skills.
Significant associations were found for both sexes between the percentage of body fat and (i) the performance in each gross motor task, (ii) the composite score for gross motor skills and (iii) the motor proficiency score. The percentage of body fat was not significantly associated with the majority of the fine motor skills items and with the respective composite score. Considering body weigh categories, children with normal weight had significantly higher scores than their peers with overweight or with obesity in gross motor skills and in overall motor proficiency.
Children's motor proficiency is negatively associated with body fat, and normal weight children show better motor competence than those who are overweight or obese. The negative impact of excessive body weight is stronger for gross motor skills that involve dynamic body movements than for stationary object control skills; fine motor skills appear to be relatively independent of the constraints imposed by excessive body weight.
本研究旨在探讨6至10岁儿童运动技能能力与身体成分之间的关系。
70名女孩和86名男孩参与了研究。通过体重指数和皮褶厚度测量身体成分。通过布鲁因inks - 奥塞列茨基运动能力测试简版评估运动熟练度，该测试包括大肌肉运动技能和精细运动技能的测量。
发现两性的体脂百分比与（i）每项大肌肉运动任务的表现、（ii）大肌肉运动技能的综合得分以及（iii）运动熟练度得分之间均存在显著关联。体脂百分比与大多数精细运动技能项目及相应的综合得分无显著关联。考虑体重类别，正常体重的儿童在大肌肉运动技能和整体运动熟练度方面的得分显著高于超重或肥胖的同龄人。
儿童的运动熟练度与体脂呈负相关，正常体重的儿童比超重或肥胖的儿童表现出更好的运动能力。与静止物体控制技能相比，超重对涉及身体动态运动的大肌肉运动技能的负面影响更强；精细运动技能似乎相对独立于超重所带来的限制。
