Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
University of Notre Dame Australia / Marian Centre, Perth, Australia; School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Psychiatry Res. 2017 May;251:58-62. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Feb 6.
There is little information on gender differences in general mental health, smoking, drinking and chronic diseases in Chinese elderly. We examined the gender differences in general mental health, smoking, drinking and a number of chronic diseases in a large Chinese old population. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was used in this cross-sectional study. A total of 4115 people (2198 women; 1917 men) aged between 60 and 79 years were included and their general mental health, smoking, drinking and chronic diseases were recorded with standardized assessment tools. Multivariate analyses revealed that women were less likely to be current smokers and frequent drinkers, but had higher prevalence of poor mental health compared with their male counterparts. In addition, the prevalence rate of chronic diseases and multi-morbidities were higher in women than that in men (both p values <0.05). Health professionals and policy makers need to pay special attention to the common chronic diseases and poor mental health in older women and higher prevalence of smoking and drinking in men.
关于中国老年人的一般心理健康、吸烟、饮酒和慢性疾病方面的性别差异的信息较少。我们研究了在一个大型中国老年人群中一般心理健康、吸烟、饮酒和一些慢性疾病的性别差异。本横断面研究采用多阶段分层聚类抽样方法。共纳入 4115 名年龄在 60 至 79 岁之间的人（女性 2198 人，男性 1917 人），并使用标准化评估工具记录他们的一般心理健康状况、吸烟、饮酒和慢性疾病。多变量分析显示，与男性相比，女性吸烟和饮酒的比例较低，但心理健康状况较差。此外，女性的慢性病和多种疾病的患病率高于男性（均 p 值<0.05）。卫生专业人员和政策制定者需要特别关注老年女性常见的慢性病和心理健康状况不佳，以及男性吸烟和饮酒比例较高的问题。
