Hamada Hiromichi, Sekizuka Tsuyoshi, Oba Kunihiro, Katano Harutaka, Kinumaki Akiko, Terai Masaru, Mizutani Tetsuya, Kuroda Makoto
Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center , 477-96 Owada-Shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba 2768524 , Japan.
Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640 , Japan.
JMM Case Rep. 2016 Feb 1;3(1):e005019. doi: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005019. eCollection 2016 Feb.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common multisystem vasculitis in childhood. Pathogens can be associated with the onset of KD. However, a lack of consistency prevails among reports about this disease.
For this case of a 1-year-old boy with four recurrent episodes of KD within a year, we analysed profiles of pathogen reads in his serum and pharynx specimens using next-generation sequencing. Comparative analysis of the identified bacterial reads from serum samples found significant correlation of bacteria such as and spp. with the first and fourth episodes ( = 0.9506) before treatment. In the first convalescent phase, the number of spp. was reduced remarkably ( < 0.0001). From sequencing of the pharynx specimen from the fourth episode, a similar correlation was found with serum from the fourth episode ( = 0.6633).
In this case, spp. may have been associated with onset of KD. Further studies must be undertaken to evaluate the putative association of micro-organism infection with KD pathogenesis.
川崎病（KD）是儿童期最常见的多系统血管炎。病原体可能与KD的发病有关。然而，关于这种疾病的报道缺乏一致性。
对于该例1岁男孩在1年内反复4次发作KD的情况，我们使用下一代测序分析了他血清和咽部分标本中的病原体读数谱。对血清样本中鉴定出的细菌读数进行比较分析发现，在治疗前，诸如 和 属等细菌与首次和第四次发作显著相关（ = 0.9506）。在第一个恢复期， 属的数量显著减少（ < 0.0001）。从第四次发作的咽部分标本测序中，发现与第四次发作的血清有类似的相关性（ = 0.6633）。
在该病例中， 属可能与KD的发病有关。必须进行进一步研究以评估微生物感染与KD发病机制之间的假定关联。
