Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2017 Apr 27;17(5):965. doi: 10.3390/s17050965.
Management and prognosis of disease requires the accurate determination of specific biomarkers indicative of normal or disease-related biological processes or responses to therapy. Moreover since multiple determinations of biomarkers have demonstrated to provide more accurate information than individual determinations to assist the clinician in prognosis and diagnosis, the detection of several clinical biomarkers by using the same analytical device hold enormous potential for early detection and personalized therapy and will simplify the diagnosis providing more information in less time. In this field, electrochemical immunosensors have demonstrated to offer interesting alternatives against conventional strategies due to their simplicity, fast response, low cost, high sensitivity and compatibility with multiplexed determination, microfabrication technology and decentralized determinations, features which made them very attractive for integration in point-of-care (POC) devices. Therefore, in this review, the relevance and current challenges of multiplexed determination of clinical biomarkers are briefly introduced, and an overview of the electrochemical immunosensing platforms developed so far for this purpose is given in order to demonstrate the great potential of these methodologies. After highlighting the main features of the selected examples, the unsolved challenges and future directions in this field are also briefly discussed.
疾病的管理和预后需要准确确定特定的生物标志物，这些标志物能指示正常或与疾病相关的生物过程或对治疗的反应。此外，由于多次测定生物标志物比单次测定提供更准确的信息，有助于临床医生进行预后和诊断，因此使用相同的分析设备检测几种临床生物标志物具有巨大的潜力，可以实现早期检测和个性化治疗，并简化诊断，在更短的时间内提供更多信息。在这一领域，电化学免疫传感器因其简单、快速响应、低成本、高灵敏度以及与多重测定、微制造技术和分散测定的兼容性而被证明是对传统策略的有趣替代方案，这些特点使其非常适合集成在即时检测（POC）设备中。因此，在这篇综述中，简要介绍了临床生物标志物的多重测定的相关性和当前挑战，并概述了迄今为止为此目的开发的电化学免疫传感平台，以展示这些方法的巨大潜力。在突出所选示例的主要特点之后，还简要讨论了该领域尚未解决的挑战和未来方向。
