Lane Andrew M, Terry Peter C, Devonport Tracey J, Friesen Andrew P, Totterdell Peter A
Research Centre for Sport Exercise Performance, University of WolverhamptonWalsall, UK.
University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLDAustralia.
Front Psychol. 2017 Apr 18;8:470. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00470. eCollection 2017.
The present study tested and extended Lane and Terry (2000) conceptual model of mood-performance relationships using a large dataset from an online experiment. Methodological and theoretical advances included testing a more balanced model of pleasant and unpleasant emotions, and evaluating relationships among emotion regulation traits, states and beliefs, psychological skills use, perceptions of performance, mental preparation, and effort exerted during competition. Participants ( = 73,588) completed measures of trait emotion regulation, emotion regulation beliefs, regulation efficacy, use of psychological skills, and rated their anger, anxiety, dejection, excitement, energy, and happiness before completing a competitive concentration task. Post-competition, participants completed measures of effort exerted, beliefs about the quality of mental preparation, and subjective performance. Results showed that dejection associated with worse performance with the no-dejection group performing 3.2% better. Dejection associated with higher anxiety and anger scores and lower energy, excitement, and happiness scores. The proposed moderating effect of dejection was supported for the anxiety-performance relationship but not the anger-performance relationship. In the no-dejection group, participants who reported moderate or high anxiety outperformed those reporting low anxiety by about 1.6%. Overall, results showed partial support for Lane and Terry's model. In terms of extending the model, results showed dejection associated with greater use of suppression, less frequent use of re-appraisal and psychological skills, lower emotion regulation beliefs, and lower emotion regulation efficacy. Further, dejection associated with greater effort during performance, beliefs that pre-competition emotions did not assist goal achievement, and low subjective performance. Future research is required to investigate the role of intense emotions in emotion regulation and performance.
本研究使用来自一项在线实验的大型数据集，对莱恩和特里（2000年）的情绪与表现关系概念模型进行了测试和拓展。方法学和理论上的进展包括测试一个关于愉快和不愉快情绪的更平衡模型，以及评估情绪调节特质、状态和信念、心理技能的运用、对表现的认知、心理准备和比赛期间付出的努力之间的关系。参与者（n = 73,588）完成了特质情绪调节、情绪调节信念、调节效能、心理技能运用的测量，并在完成一项竞争性注意力任务之前对他们的愤怒、焦虑、沮丧、兴奋、活力和幸福程度进行了评分。比赛后，参与者完成了关于付出的努力、对心理准备质量的信念以及主观表现的测量。结果表明，沮丧与较差的表现相关，无沮丧组的表现要好3.2%。沮丧与更高的焦虑和愤怒得分以及更低的活力、兴奋和幸福得分相关。沮丧对焦虑与表现关系的调节作用得到了支持，但对愤怒与表现关系的调节作用未得到支持。在无沮丧组中，报告中度或高度焦虑的参与者比报告低度焦虑的参与者表现好约1.6%。总体而言，结果部分支持了莱恩和特里的模型。在拓展该模型方面，结果表明沮丧与更多地使用压抑、更少地使用重新评价和心理技能、更低的情绪调节信念以及更低的情绪调节效能相关。此外，沮丧与表现期间更大的努力、认为赛前情绪无助于实现目标的信念以及较低的主观表现相关。未来需要开展研究来调查强烈情绪在情绪调节和表现中的作用。
