Duranti Sabrina, Ferrario Chiara, van Sinderen Douwe, Ventura Marco, Turroni Francesca
Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
Genes Nutr. 2017 Jun 15;12:18. doi: 10.1186/s12263-017-0566-2. eCollection 2017.
It is widely accepted that metabolic disorders, such as obesity, are closely linked to lifestyle and diet. Recently, the central role played by the intestinal microbiota in human metabolism and in progression of metabolic disorders has become evident. In this context, animal studies and human trials have demonstrated that alterations of the intestinal microbiota towards enhanced energy harvest is a characteristic of the obese phenotype. Many publications, involving both animal studies and clinical trials, have reported on the successful exploitation of probiotics and prebiotics to treat obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these observed anti-obesity effects of probiotics and prebiotic therapies are still obscure. The aim of this mini-review is to discuss the intricate relationship of various factors, including diet, gut microbiota, and host genetics, that are believed to impact on the development of obesity, and to understand how modulation of the gut microbiota with dietary intervention may alleviate obesity-associated symptoms.
人们普遍认为，肥胖等代谢紊乱与生活方式和饮食密切相关。最近，肠道微生物群在人类新陈代谢和代谢紊乱进展中所起的核心作用已变得明显。在这种背景下，动物研究和人体试验表明，肠道微生物群向增强能量获取的改变是肥胖表型的一个特征。许多涉及动物研究和临床试验的出版物都报道了成功利用益生菌和益生元来治疗肥胖。然而，益生菌和益生元疗法这些观察到的抗肥胖作用背后的分子机制仍然不清楚。本综述的目的是讨论各种因素之间的复杂关系，包括饮食、肠道微生物群和宿主遗传学，这些因素被认为会影响肥胖的发展，并了解通过饮食干预调节肠道微生物群如何减轻肥胖相关症状。
