12 周抗阻训练对青少年英式橄榄球运动员冲刺和跳跃表现的影响。
Effects of 12-Week Resistance Training on Sprint and Jump Performances in Competitive Adolescent Rugby Union Players.
机构信息
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
Priority Research Center in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
出版信息
J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Oct;32(10):2762-2769. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002119.
Harries, SK, Lubans, DR, Buxton, A, MacDougall, THJ, and Callister, R. Effects of 12-week resistance training on sprint and jump performances in competitive adolescent rugby union players. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2762-2769, 2018-Sprint performance is an important characteristic for success in many sports, including rugby union. Resistance training is used to increase muscular fitness (i.e., strength, endurance, and power) and may also be effective for improving sprint and jump performances. The aims of this study were to examine the effects of resistance training using 2 different periodized programs (linear and daily undulating) on sprint and jump performances and explore relationships between performance measures. Sixteen male (16.9 ± 1.0 years) adolescent rugby union players participated in 12 weeks of resistance training. A further 10 male (15.5 ± 1.0 years) participants were recruited as a control group. Assessments of strength (box squat), 10- and 20-m sprint (electronically timed), and jump height (maximal unloaded (body mass only) and loaded (body mass + 10 kg) countermovement jumps) were conducted before and after 12 weeks training. Large to very large increases in 1 repetition maximum box squat (linear: 33.9%; p < 0.001; effect size (ES) = 1.64; daily undulating: 44.5%; p < 0.001; ES = 2.33) were observed after training. Small decreases were seen in 10-m (linear: -1.6%; p = 0.171; ES = -0.84; daily undulating: -2.5%; p = 0.038; ES = -0.36) and 20-m (linear: -0.5%; p = 0.506; ES = -0.20; daily undulating: -1.7%; p = 0.047; ES = -0.27) sprint times. Small-to-moderate associations between changes in lower-body strength and improvements in 10- and 20-m sprint times were found. Resistance training increases lower-body strength in adolescent rugby union players and increases in lower-body strength may transfer to improved sprinting performance with improvements after daily undulating periodized resistance training slightly superior.
哈里丝，SK，卢班斯，DR，布克斯顿，A，麦克道尔，THJ 和卡利斯特，R. 12 周抗阻训练对有竞技性的青少年英式橄榄球运动员冲刺和跳跃表现的影响。《力量与调节研究杂志》32（10）：2762-2769，2018-冲刺表现是许多运动成功的一个重要特征，包括英式橄榄球。抗阻训练用于提高肌肉健康（即力量、耐力和力量），也可能对提高冲刺和跳跃表现有效。本研究的目的是研究使用 2 种不同的周期性方案（线性和每日波动）的抗阻训练对冲刺和跳跃表现的影响，并探讨表现测量之间的关系。16 名男性（16.9 ± 1.0 岁）青少年英式橄榄球运动员参加了 12 周的抗阻训练。另外 10 名男性（15.5 ± 1.0 岁）参与者作为对照组被招募。在 12 周训练前后，对力量（箱式深蹲）、10 米和 20 米冲刺（电子计时）和跳跃高度（最大无负载（仅体重）和负载（体重+10 公斤）反跳）进行了评估。训练后，1 次最大重复箱式深蹲的大幅度到非常大幅度的增加（线性：33.9%；p < 0.001；效果量（ES）=1.64；每日波动：44.5%；p < 0.001；ES = 2.33）。10 米（线性：-1.6%；p = 0.171；ES = -0.84；每日波动：-2.5%；p = 0.038；ES = -0.36）和 20 米（线性：-0.5%；p = 0.506；ES = -0.20；每日波动：-1.7%；p = 0.047；ES = -0.27）冲刺时间出现小幅度下降。发现下肢力量变化与 10 米和 20 米冲刺时间的提高之间存在小到中等的关联。抗阻训练增加了青少年英式橄榄球运动员的下肢力量，并且下肢力量的增加可能会转化为提高冲刺表现，而每日波动周期性抗阻训练后的提高略优。
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