Craciun Ana Maria, Focsan Monica, Magyari Klara, Vulpoi Adriana, Pap Zsolt
Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2017 Jul 21;10(7):836. doi: 10.3390/ma10070836.
Metal and in particular noble metal nanoparticles represent a very special class of materials which can be applied as prepared or as composite materials. In most of the cases, two main properties are exploited in a vast number of publications: biocompatibility and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). For instance, these two important properties are exploitable in plasmonic diagnostics, bioactive glasses/glass ceramics and catalysis. The most frequently applied noble metal nanoparticle that is universally applicable in all the previously mentioned research areas is gold, although in the case of bioactive glasses/glass ceramics, silver and copper nanoparticles are more frequently applied. The composite partners/supports/matrix/scaffolds for these nanoparticles can vary depending on the chosen application (biopolymers, semiconductor-based composites: TiO₂, WO₃, Bi₂WO₆, biomaterials: SiO₂ or P₂O₅-based glasses and glass ceramics, polymers: polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Gelatin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polylactic acid (PLA), etc.). The scientific works on these materials' applicability and the development of new approaches will be targeted in the present review, focusing in several cases on the functioning mechanism and on the role of the noble metal.
金属尤其是贵金属纳米颗粒代表了一类非常特殊的材料，它们既可以直接应用，也可以作为复合材料使用。在大多数情况下，大量出版物都利用了两个主要特性：生物相容性和表面等离子体共振（SPR）。例如，这两个重要特性可用于等离子体诊断、生物活性玻璃/玻璃陶瓷和催化领域。在上述所有研究领域中普遍适用的最常用贵金属纳米颗粒是金，不过在生物活性玻璃/玻璃陶瓷领域，银和铜纳米颗粒的应用更为频繁。这些纳米颗粒的复合伙伴/载体/基质/支架会因所选应用的不同而有所变化（生物聚合物、基于半导体的复合材料：TiO₂、WO₃、Bi₂WO₆、生物材料：基于SiO₂或P₂O₅的玻璃和玻璃陶瓷、聚合物：聚乙烯醇（PVA）、明胶、聚乙二醇（PEG）、聚乳酸（PLA）等）。本综述将针对这些材料的适用性以及新方法的开发展开科学研究，在某些情况下重点关注其作用机制以及贵金属的作用。
