Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China.
Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Biomaterials. 2017 Dec;148:16-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.017. Epub 2017 Sep 17.
Cancer immunotherapy is quickly growing to be the fourth most important cancer therapy, after surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy is the most promising cancer management strategy because it orchestrates the body's own immune system to target and eradicate cancer cells, which may result in durable antitumor responses and reduce metastasis and recurrence more than traditional treatments. Nanomaterials hold great promise in further improving the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy - in many cases, they are even necessary for effective delivery. In this review, we briefly summarize the basic principles of cancer immunotherapy and explain why and where to apply nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, with special emphasis on cancer vaccines and tumor microenvironment modulation.
癌症免疫疗法正在迅速成为继手术、放疗和化疗之后第四大重要癌症疗法。免疫疗法是最有前途的癌症管理策略,因为它可以协调身体自身的免疫系统来靶向和消灭癌细胞,从而可能产生持久的抗肿瘤反应,并比传统治疗方法更能减少转移和复发。纳米材料在进一步提高癌症免疫疗法的效率方面具有巨大的潜力——在许多情况下,它们甚至是有效递药所必需的。在这篇综述中,我们简要总结了癌症免疫疗法的基本原理,并解释了为什么以及在何处将纳米材料应用于癌症免疫疗法,特别强调了癌症疫苗和肿瘤微环境调节。