Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas.
Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Jan;98(1):173-177. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0322. Epub 2018 Jan 1.
The establishment of a sylvatic reservoir of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas is dependent on the susceptibility of primates of sufficient population density, the duration and magnitude of viremia, and their exposure to the human mosquito-borne transmission cycle. To assess the susceptibility of squirrel ( sp.) and owl monkeys ( sp.) to infection, we inoculated four animals of each species with ZIKV from the current epidemic. Viremia in the absence of detectible disease was observed in both species and seroconversion occurred by day 28. ZIKV was detected in the spleen of three owl monkeys: one at 7 days postinoculation (dpi) and two at 14 dpi. This study confirms the susceptibility to ZIKV infection of two Neotropical primate species that live in close proximity to humans in South America, suggesting that they could support a widespread sylvatic ZIKV cycle there. Collectively, establishment of a ZIKV sylvatic transmission cycle in South America would imperil eradication efforts and could provide a mechanism for continued exposure of humans to ZIKV infection and disease.
在美洲建立寨卡病毒（ZIKV）的森林贮主取决于灵长类动物的易感性、足够的种群密度、病毒血症的持续时间和强度，以及它们与人类蚊子传播周期的接触程度。为了评估松鼠（种）和卷尾猴（种）对感染的易感性，我们用当前流行的寨卡病毒对每个物种的四只动物进行了接种。在两种动物中均观察到无明显疾病的病毒血症，并在第 28 天发生血清转化。在三只卷尾猴的脾脏中检测到寨卡病毒：一只在接种后 7 天（dpi），两只在 14 dpi。本研究证实了两种新热带灵长类动物对寨卡病毒感染的易感性，它们生活在南美洲与人类密切接触的地方，这表明它们可能在那里支持广泛的森林寨卡病毒循环。总的来说，在南美洲建立寨卡病毒的森林传播循环将危及根除工作，并可能为人类持续接触寨卡病毒感染和疾病提供机制。
