Hanssen Henner, Minghetti Alice, Magon Stefano, Rossmeissl Anja, Papadopoulou Athina, Klenk Christopher, Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno, Faude Oliver, Zahner Lukas, Sprenger Till, Donath Lars
Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Front Physiol. 2017 Dec 19;8:1086. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01086. eCollection 2017.
Migraine is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and vascular dysfunction. Since aerobic exercise can reduce cardiovascular risk, the present randomized controlled trail aimed at investigating the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) vs. moderate continuous exercise training (MCT) on arterial stiffness in migraine patients. Forty-eight episodic migraineurs were initially enrolled in the study. 37 patients [female: 30; age: 37 (: 10); BMI: 23.1 (5.2); Migraine days per month: 3.7 (2.5)] completed the intervention. Central blood pressure, pulse wave reflection, and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) were obtained by an oscillometric monitor. Incremental treadmill exercise testing yielded maximal and submaximal fitness parameters. Participants were randomly assigned to either HIT, MCT, or a control group (CON). The intervention groups trained twice a week over a 12-week intervention period. After adjustment for between-group baseline differences, a moderate meaningful overall reduction of the augmentation index at 75 min heart rate (AIx@75) was observed [partial eta squared ([Formula: see text]) = 0.16; = 0.06]. With 91% likely beneficial effects, HIT was more effective in reducing AIx@75 than MCT [HIT: pre 22.0 (9.7), post 14.9 (13.0), standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.62; MCT: pre 16.6 (8.5), post 21.3 (10.4), SMD -0.49]. HIT induced a relevant reduction in central systolic blood pressure [cSBP: pre 118 (23) mmHg, post 110 (16) mmHg, SMD = 0.42] with a 59% possibly beneficial effect compared to CON, while MCT showed larger effects in lowering central diastolic blood pressure [pre 78 (7) mmHg, post 74 (7) mmHg, SMD = 0.61], presenting 60% possibly beneficial effects compared to CON. Central aortic PWV showed no changes in any of the three groups. Migraine days were reduced more successfully by HIT than MCT (HIT: SMD = 1.05; MCT: SMD = 0.43). HIT but not MCT reduces AIx@75 as a measure of pulse wave reflection and indirect marker of systemic arterial stiffness. Both exercise modalities beneficially affect central blood pressure. HIT proved to be an effective complementary treatment option to reduce vascular dysfunction and blood pressure in migraineurs.
偏头痛与心血管风险增加和血管功能障碍有关。由于有氧运动可以降低心血管风险，因此本随机对照试验旨在研究高强度间歇训练（HIT）与中等强度持续运动训练（MCT）对偏头痛患者动脉僵硬度的影响。48名发作性偏头痛患者最初参与了该研究。37名患者[女性：30名；年龄：37（±10）岁；体重指数：23.1（±5.2）；每月偏头痛天数：3.7（±2.5）]完成了干预。通过示波监测仪获得中心血压、脉搏波反射和主动脉脉搏波速度（PWV）。递增式跑步机运动测试得出最大和次最大体能参数。参与者被随机分配到HIT组、MCT组或对照组（CON）。干预组在12周的干预期内每周训练两次。在对组间基线差异进行调整后，观察到在心率为75分钟时增强指数（AIx@75）有中度且有意义的总体降低[偏 eta 平方（[公式：见原文]）=0.16；P = 0.06]。HIT在降低AIx@75方面比MCT更有效，有益效果可能性为91%[HIT组：干预前22.0（±9.7），干预后14.9（±13.0），标准化均值差（SMD）=0.62；MCT组：干预前16.6（±8.5），干预后21.3（±10.4），SMD = -0.49]。HIT使中心收缩压有显著降低[中心收缩压：干预前118（±23）mmHg，干预后110（±16）mmHg，SMD = 0.42]，与CON组相比有益效果可能性为59%，而MCT在降低中心舒张压方面效果更显著[干预前78（±7）mmHg，干预后74（±7）mmHg，SMD = 0.61]，与CON组相比有益效果可能性为60%。三组中任何一组的中心主动脉PWV均无变化。HIT比MCT更成功地减少了偏头痛天数（HIT组：SMD = 1.05；MCT组：SMD = 0.43）。作为脉搏波反射的指标和全身动脉僵硬度的间接标志物，HIT而非MCT降低了AIx@75。两种运动方式均对中心血压有有益影响。HIT被证明是减少偏头痛患者血管功能障碍和血压的一种有效辅助治疗选择。
