Greier Klaus, Drenowatz Clemens
Institute for Sports Science, Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Physical Education and Sports, University of Education Stams-KPH-ES, Stams, Tirol, Austria.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2018 May;130(9-10):314-320. doi: 10.1007/s00508-017-1311-y. Epub 2018 Jan 23.
Despite considerable efforts the prevalence of overweight and obesity in youth remains high. Poor motor skills have been associated with increased body weight but there is still limited information on the longitudinal association of these health parameters.
This study examined the prospective association between motor skills and body weight in 10- to 14-year-old youth.
Body weight, height and motor skills, assessed via the German motor test 16-18 (Deutscher Motorik Test, DMT6-18), were measured in 213 middle school students (57% male) every year over a 4‑year period. Club sports participation and migration status were assessed via a questionnaire.
Besides an inverse cross-sectional association between body weight and motor skills, excess body weight was associated with impaired development of motor skills (p < 0.05). Furthermore, weight loss was associated with enhanced motor development and allowed previously overweight students to catch up with their normal weight peers. High motor skills at baseline also reduced the odds of becoming overweight/obese during the observation period. These results were independent of club sports participation.
There is a bidirectional, synergistic association between body weight and motor skills. Facilitating the development of motor skills in children and adolescents may therefore be a viable intervention strategy targeting weight management and physical activity in youth.
尽管付出了巨大努力，青少年超重和肥胖的患病率仍然很高。运动技能差与体重增加有关，但关于这些健康参数的纵向关联的信息仍然有限。
本研究调查了10至14岁青少年运动技能与体重之间的前瞻性关联。
在4年时间里，每年对213名中学生（57%为男性）进行体重、身高和运动技能测量，运动技能通过德国16 - 18岁运动测试（Deutscher Motorik Test, DMT6 - 18）进行评估。通过问卷调查评估俱乐部体育活动参与情况和移民身份。
除了体重与运动技能之间存在反向横断面关联外，超重还与运动技能发展受损有关（p < 0.05）。此外，体重减轻与运动能力发展增强有关，使之前超重的学生能够赶上正常体重的同龄人。基线时较高的运动技能也降低了观察期内超重/肥胖的几率。这些结果与俱乐部体育活动参与情况无关。
体重与运动技能之间存在双向、协同的关联。因此，促进儿童和青少年运动技能的发展可能是针对青少年体重管理和体育活动的一种可行干预策略。
