Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2018 Aug;66(4):245-266. doi: 10.1007/s00005-018-0506-x. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
With an increasing human population, medical research is pushed to progress into an era of precision therapy. Humanized mice are at the very heart of this new forefront where it is acutely required to decipher human-specific disease pathogenesis and test an array of novel therapeutics. In this review, "humanized" mice are defined as immunodeficient mouse engrafted with functional human biological systems. Over the past decade, researchers have been conscientiously making improvements on the development of humanized mice as a model to closely recapitulate disease pathogenesis and drug mechanisms in humans. Currently, literature is rife with descriptions of novel and innovative humanized mouse models that hold a significant promise to become a panacea for drug innovations to treat and control conditions such as infectious disease and cancer. This review will focus on the background of humanized mice, diseases, and human-specific therapeutics tested on this platform as well as solutions to improve humanized mice for future clinical use.
随着人口的增长，医学研究被推向了精准治疗的时代。人性化小鼠是这一新前沿的核心，迫切需要破译人类特有的疾病发病机制，并测试一系列新的治疗方法。在这篇综述中，“人性化”小鼠被定义为具有功能性人类生物系统的免疫缺陷小鼠。在过去的十年中，研究人员一直在认真改进人性化小鼠模型的开发，以更紧密地模拟人类的疾病发病机制和药物机制。目前，文献中充斥着对新型创新型人性化小鼠模型的描述，这些模型有望成为治疗和控制传染病和癌症等疾病的药物创新的万能药。本综述将重点介绍人性化小鼠的背景、在该平台上测试的疾病和人类特异性治疗方法，以及为未来临床应用改进人性化小鼠的解决方案。
