Lozupone Catherine A
Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
mSystems. 2018 Mar 6;3(2). doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00183-17. eCollection 2018 Mar-Apr.
In recent years, there has been a deluge of papers linking altered microbiome compositions to a myriad of diseases. Mechanistic insight into microbial drivers of disease phenotypes is essential for translation to novel therapies. A key mechanism by which microbes influence health is immune modulation by components of their capsule and cell envelope and their metabolites. A major research focus of my laboratory is to gain mechanistic insight into which microbes modulate host immunity generally and in the context of disease. Using 16S rRNA-targeted sequencing, we have established associations between gut microbiome composition and immune-modulated disease phenotypes in diseases such as graft-versus-host disease in cancer patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. By integrating omics and computational approaches with laboratory experiments, we have expanded knowledge of mechanisms used by host-associated microbes to dampen inflammatory responses. This work has promise for development of novel microbiome-targeted therapeutics.
近年来，大量论文将微生物群落组成的改变与众多疾病联系起来。深入了解疾病表型的微生物驱动机制对于转化为新疗法至关重要。微生物影响健康的一个关键机制是其荚膜、细胞壁成分及其代谢产物对免疫的调节。我实验室的一个主要研究重点是深入了解哪些微生物通常在疾病背景下调节宿主免疫。通过靶向16S rRNA测序，我们已经在接受干细胞移植的癌症患者的移植物抗宿主病等疾病中，建立了肠道微生物群落组成与免疫调节疾病表型之间的关联。通过将组学和计算方法与实验室实验相结合，我们扩展了对宿主相关微生物用于抑制炎症反应的机制的认识。这项工作有望开发新的针对微生物群落的疗法。
