Sinha Rajeshwari, Pati Sanghamitra
Independent Researcher, New Delhi, India.
ICMR Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2017 Oct-Dec;6(4):701-708. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1_17.
The growing epidemic of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has impacted the national health systems, policies, and socioeconomic developments, thereby leading to increasing country level disparities. Despite substantial improvements in health indicators made in the past decade, the Indian health-care system continues to contribute disproportionately to the global disease burden, wherein NCDs holds significant prominence. Against this background, the present review analyzes the current NCD landscape from the perspective of India's health system preparedness toward meeting this growing challenge. Implementation and delivery of strategies and interventions are often impeded by existing grass root level challenges. Recognizing the importance of effective primary care, the review highlights the importance of implementing affordable, accessible, and comprehensive interventions, and delivering them at societal, a community and individual level. This simultaneously calls for strengthening of the primary care system through appropriate strategy and policy frameworks. Toward addressing India-specific needs in NCD prevention and management, concerted efforts on development of robust surveillance mechanisms, intersectoral and interdepartmental collaborations, integration of national programs, enhanced role of education and awareness should be made, to ensure effectivity, scale-up, and outreach of services in primary care.
非传染性疾病（NCDs）的不断蔓延已经影响到国家卫生系统、政策和社会经济发展，从而导致国家层面的差距日益加大。尽管在过去十年中卫生指标有了显著改善，但印度的医疗保健系统在全球疾病负担中所占比例仍然过高，其中非传染性疾病尤为突出。在此背景下，本综述从印度卫生系统应对这一日益严峻挑战的准备情况角度，分析了当前非传染性疾病的形势。战略和干预措施的实施与交付往往受到基层现有挑战的阻碍。认识到有效初级保健的重要性，本综述强调了实施负担得起、可及且全面的干预措施，并在社会、社区和个人层面提供这些措施的重要性。这同时要求通过适当的战略和政策框架加强初级保健系统。为满足印度在非传染性疾病预防和管理方面的特定需求，应共同努力建立强大的监测机制、跨部门和跨领域合作、整合国家项目、加强教育和提高认识的作用，以确保初级保健服务的有效性、扩大规模和覆盖范围。
