Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Cancer Immunol Res. 2018 Apr;6(4):372-377. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-17-0440.
Innate lymphocytes play critical roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and integrity of the host at steady state and during pathogenic insults. The successive identification of new innate lymphocyte subsets has revealed an incredible diversity within the family. While this heterogeneous population can be grouped based on their cytotoxic potential into exclusively cytokine-producing helpers and cytolytic killers, the exact developmental relationships between the subsets are not fully understood. The former group is enriched at mucosal surfaces, whereas innate lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential can be identified in a wider array of tissues, including tumors. Although their cytotoxicity suggests an antitumor role, the nature of tumor-elicited innate lymphocyte responses has only begun to be investigated, and the identities of participating subsets still remain contentious. In this review, we provide a brief overview of innate lymphocyte biology, review the current knowledge on their ontogeny, and discuss their roles in tumor immunosurveillance. .
天然淋巴细胞在维持组织内稳态和宿主在稳态和病原体侵袭期间的完整性方面发挥着关键作用。新的天然淋巴细胞亚群的相继鉴定揭示了该家族内令人难以置信的多样性。虽然这群异质细胞可以根据其细胞毒性潜力分为仅产生细胞因子的辅助细胞和细胞毒性杀伤细胞，但亚群之间的确切发育关系尚未完全了解。前一组在黏膜表面丰富，而具有细胞毒性潜力的天然淋巴细胞可以在更广泛的组织中识别，包括肿瘤。尽管它们的细胞毒性表明具有抗肿瘤作用，但肿瘤引发的天然淋巴细胞反应的性质才刚刚开始研究，参与的亚群的身份仍然存在争议。在这篇综述中，我们简要概述了天然淋巴细胞生物学，回顾了它们发生的现有知识，并讨论了它们在肿瘤免疫监视中的作用。
