Kaambo Evelyn, Africa Charlene, Chambuso Ramadhani, Passmore Jo-Ann Shelley
Genital Mucosal HIV and STI Research Group, Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Medical Virology Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa.
Genital Mucosal HIV and STI Research Group, Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Virology, NRF-DST CAPRISA CENTRE OF EXCELENCE, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Front Public Health. 2018 Mar 26;6:78. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00078. eCollection 2018.
A healthy vaginal microbiota is considered to be significant for maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections. However, certain vaginal bacterial commensal species serve an important first line of defense of the body. Any disruption of this microbial barrier might result in a number of urogenital conditions including aerobic vaginitis (AV) and bacterial vaginosis (BV). The health of the vagina is closely associated with inhabitant microbiota. Furthermore, these microbes maintain a low vaginal pH, prevent the acquisition of pathogens, stimulate or moderate the local innate immune system, and further protect against complications during pregnancies. Therefore, this review will focus on vaginal microbial "health" in the lower reproductive tract of women and on the physiological characteristics that determine the well-being of reproductive health. In addition, we explore the distinct versus shared characteristics of BV and AV, which are commonly associated with increased risk for preterm delivery.
健康的阴道微生物群被认为对维持阴道健康和预防感染具有重要意义。然而，某些阴道共生细菌物种是人体重要的第一道防线。这种微生物屏障的任何破坏都可能导致多种泌尿生殖系统疾病，包括需氧菌性阴道炎（AV）和细菌性阴道病（BV）。阴道健康与居住的微生物群密切相关。此外，这些微生物维持较低的阴道pH值，防止病原体的侵袭，刺激或调节局部先天免疫系统，并进一步预防孕期并发症。因此，本综述将聚焦于女性下生殖道的阴道微生物“健康”以及决定生殖健康状况的生理特征。此外，我们还探讨了BV和AV的不同特征与共同特征，它们通常与早产风险增加有关。
