Souza Castro Ludiele, de Oliveira França Adriana, de Castro Ferreira Eduardo, da Costa Lima Júnior Manoel Sebastião, Gontijo Célia Maria Ferreira, Pereira Agnes Antônia Sampaio, Dorval Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária s/n, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79090-900, Brazil.
Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Rua Gabriel Abrão, 92, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79081-746, Brazil.
Parasitol Res. 2018 Jun;117(6):1839-1845. doi: 10.1007/s00436-018-5871-1. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with a broad clinical spectrum and epidemiological diversity. Involving a variety of agents, reservoirs, and vectors, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) presents different transmission patterns, which makes its control especially difficult. Epidemiological characterization with identification of existing Leishmania species in a particular region is essential for understanding this parasitosis epidemiology. Because similar results may be observed in places with overlapping transmission of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, contributing to knowledge about the epidemiological cycle of cutaneous leishmaniasis is of global interest. This study proposes to identify the different species of Leishmania present in human CL cases in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Slides of imprint tissue were selected from patients diagnosed with CL from 2009 to 2013 at the Laboratório de Parasitologia Clínica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. The slides were scraped and extracted genetic material was amplified with PCR addressing the Leishmania spp. kDNA region. The reaction product was subjected to RFLP for the specific identification of Leishmania. Forty-three samples (82.7%) amplified with PCR were considered positive. Of these, it was possible to determine the species in 40 samples (76.9%) through analysis of electrophoresis profiles. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum were identified as the etiologic agents of CL in Mato Grosso do Sul. The results of this study permit a more detailed understanding of CL epidemiology and the geographical distribution of its agents.
利什曼病是一组具有广泛临床谱和流行病学多样性的疾病。皮肤利什曼病（CL）涉及多种病原体、宿主和传播媒介，呈现出不同的传播模式，这使得其控制尤为困难。在特定地区鉴定现有的利什曼原虫物种进行流行病学特征分析，对于理解这种寄生虫病的流行病学至关重要。由于在内脏利什曼病和皮肤利什曼病传播重叠的地区可能会观察到相似的结果，因此有助于了解皮肤利什曼病流行病学循环的知识具有全球意义。本研究旨在鉴定巴西南马托格罗索州人类CL病例中存在的不同利什曼原虫物种。从2009年至2013年在南马托格罗索联邦大学临床寄生虫学实验室被诊断为CL的患者中选取印片组织玻片。刮取玻片并提取遗传物质，用针对利什曼原虫属kDNA区域的PCR进行扩增。对反应产物进行限制性片段长度多态性分析以特异性鉴定利什曼原虫。43个经PCR扩增的样本（82.7%）被认为呈阳性。其中，通过电泳图谱分析，在40个样本（76.9%）中确定了物种。巴西利什曼原虫（维阿尼亚利什曼原虫）、亚马逊利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫）和婴儿利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫）被鉴定为南马托格罗索州CL的病原体。本研究结果有助于更详细地了解CL的流行病学及其病原体的地理分布。
