Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., 7927 Rubin Bldg., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA.
Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 May 8;8(1):7114. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25372-1.
Early-life exposure to inorganic arsenic (i-As) may cause long-lasting health effects, but as yet, little is known about exposure among weaning infants. We assessed exposure before and during weaning and investigated the association between solid food intake and infants' urinary arsenic species concentrations. Following the recording of a comprehensive 3 day food diary, paired urine samples (pre- and post-weaning) were collected and analyzed for arsenic speciation from 15 infants participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Infants had higher urinary i-As (p-value = 0.04), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) (p-value = 0.002), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) (p-value = 0.01), and sum of arsenic species (i-As + MMA + DMA, p-value = 0.01) during weaning than while exclusively fed on a liquid diet (i.e., breast milk, formula, or a mixture of both). Among weaning infants, increased sum of urinary arsenic species was pairwise-associated with intake of rice cereal (Spearman's ρ = 0.90, p-value = 0.03), fruit (ρ = 0.70, p-value = 0.03), and vegetables (ρ = 0.86, p-value = 0.01). Our observed increases in urinary arsenic concentrations likely indicate increased exposure to i-As during the transition to solid foods, suggests the need to minimize exposure during this critical period of development.
在婴儿期接触无机砷（i-As）可能会导致长期的健康影响，但目前对于断奶期婴儿的接触情况知之甚少。我们评估了断奶前和断奶期间的暴露情况，并调查了固体食物摄入与婴儿尿液中砷形态浓度之间的关系。在记录了全面的 3 天饮食日记后，从参与新罕布什尔州出生队列研究的 15 名婴儿中收集了配对的尿液样本（断奶前和断奶后），并分析了砷形态。与仅用液体饮食（即母乳、配方奶或两者的混合物）喂养相比，婴儿在断奶期间尿液中的 i-As（p 值=0.04）、一甲基砷酸（MMA）（p 值=0.002）、二甲基砷酸（DMA）（p 值=0.01）和砷形态总和（i-As+MMA+DMA，p 值=0.01）更高。在断奶婴儿中，尿液中砷形态总和与摄入米粉（Spearman's ρ=0.90，p 值=0.03）、水果（ρ=0.70，p 值=0.03）和蔬菜（ρ=0.86，p 值=0.01）呈正相关。我们观察到尿液中砷浓度的增加可能表明在向固体食物过渡期间 i-As 的暴露增加，这表明在这个发育关键时期需要尽量减少暴露。
