1 Pharmacy Department, Laboratory of Immunology, UFVJM and PPGCF-UFVJM, Diamantina, MG 39100-000, Brazil.
2 Institute of Science and Technology - UFVJM, Diamantina, MG 39100-000, Brazil.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2018 May;243(8):665-676. doi: 10.1177/1535370218770404.
Electrospinning is one of the techniques to produce structured polymeric fibers in the micro or nano scale and to generate novel materials for biomedical proposes. Electrospinning versatility provides fibers that could support different surgical and rehabilitation treatments. However, its diversity in equipment assembly, polymeric materials, and functional molecules to be incorporated in fibers result in profusion of recent biomaterials that are not fully explored, even though the recognized relevance of the technique. The present article describes the main electrospun polymeric materials used in oral applications, and the main aspects and parameters of the technique. Natural and synthetic polymers, blends, and composites were identified from the available literature and recent developments. Main applications of electrospun fibers were focused on drug delivery systems, tissue regeneration, and material reinforcement or modification, although studies require further investigation in order to enable direct use in human. Current and potential usages as biomaterials for oral applications must motivate the development in the use of electrospinning as an efficient method to produce highly innovative biomaterials, over the next few years. Impact statement Nanotechnology is a challenge for many researchers that look for obtaining different materials behaviors by modifying characteristics at a very low scale. Thus, the production of nanostructured materials represents a very important field in bioengineering, in which the electrospinning technique appears as a suitable alternative. This review discusses and provides further explanation on this versatile technique to produce novel polymeric biomaterials for oral applications. The use of electrospun fibers is incipient in oral areas, mainly because of the unfamiliarity with the technique. Provided disclosure, possibilities and state of the art are aimed at supporting interested researchers to better choose proper materials, understand, and design new experiments. This work seeks to encourage many other researchers-Dentists, Biologists, Engineers, Pharmacists-to develop innovative materials from different polymers. We highlight synthetic and natural polymers as trends in treatments to motivate an advance in the worldwide discussion and exploration of this interdisciplinary field.
静电纺丝是一种在微纳米尺度生产结构聚合物纤维的技术，并为生物医学目的生成新型材料。静电纺丝的多功能性提供了支持不同手术和康复治疗的纤维。然而，其在设备组装、聚合物材料和功能分子方面的多样性导致了大量最近的生物材料的出现，这些材料尚未得到充分探索，尽管该技术具有公认的重要性。本文描述了用于口腔应用的主要静电纺丝聚合物材料，以及该技术的主要方面和参数。从现有文献和最新进展中确定了天然和合成聚合物、共混物和复合材料。静电纺丝纤维的主要应用集中在药物输送系统、组织再生以及材料增强或改性上，尽管这些研究需要进一步的研究，以便能够直接用于人体。作为口腔应用的生物材料，当前和潜在的用途必须激励在未来几年内将静电纺丝作为生产高度创新生物材料的有效方法的发展。
纳米技术是许多研究人员面临的挑战，他们希望通过改变非常小的尺度来获得不同的材料性能。因此，纳米结构材料的生产代表了生物工程中一个非常重要的领域，其中静电纺丝技术是一种合适的替代方法。本综述讨论并进一步解释了这种用于生产口腔应用新型聚合物生物材料的多功能技术。静电纺丝纤维在口腔领域的应用还处于起步阶段，主要是因为人们对该技术不熟悉。提供的披露、可能性和最新技术旨在支持有兴趣的研究人员更好地选择合适的材料，理解和设计新的实验。这项工作旨在鼓励许多其他研究人员——牙医、生物学家、工程师、药剂师——从不同的聚合物中开发创新材料。我们强调合成和天然聚合物是治疗的趋势，以激发全球范围内对这一跨学科领域的讨论和探索的进展。
