Bouzigon Romain, Ravier Gilles, Dugue Benoit, Grappe Frederic
Université de Franche Comté, Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Unité de Promotion, de Formation et de Recherche (UPFR) des Sports, 31 rue de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
Société Cryantal Développement, 15 cours du Luzard, 77186, Noisiel, France.
J Hum Kinet. 2018 Jun 13;62:55-63. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0158. eCollection 2018 Jun.
Partial-body cryostimulation is used to improve recovery after exercise, especially during competitions or heavy training; however, a limited number of studies have been conducted with international-level athletes in situ during competitions. This study was undertaken to assess the thermal sensation ratings during 3 min of cold exposure (at -130°C) in 24 international-level athletes during the European Basketball Championship. The mean thermal sensation score, measured using a perceptive scale, increased significantly (p < 0.05) during partial-body cryostimulation exposure in athletes from 3.0 ± 1.7 at 30 s to 5.7 ± 2.3 at 3 min (maximal observed value = 10.0). The mean value of 5.7 is considered a "cold" sensation on the scale (ranging from 0 = neutral sensation to 10 = very cold). However, we observed a large inter-individual variation in the perceived thermal sensations. The body mass index was significantly and negatively correlated with the thermal sensation value after 2 min 30 s and 3 min of exposure in females (r = -0.61, n = 13, p < 0.05; r = -0.56, n = 13, p = 0.054, respectively). Three participants reported high perceived thermal sensation after 30 s of exposure and their cold-induced discomfort worsened as the exposure continued. In conclusion, a 3-min exposure is globally well tolerated by athletes and can be used during a heavy competition period and/or during a training period. However, special attention should be given to female athletes with a low body mass index as they seem to be much more sensitive to cold.
局部身体冷冻刺激用于改善运动后的恢复，尤其是在比赛或高强度训练期间；然而，针对国际水平运动员在比赛现场进行的研究数量有限。本研究旨在评估24名国际水平运动员在欧洲篮球锦标赛期间暴露于-130°C寒冷环境3分钟时的热感觉评分。使用感知量表测量，运动员在局部身体冷冻刺激暴露期间，平均热感觉评分显著增加（p<0.05），从30秒时的3.0±1.7增加到3分钟时的5.7±2.3（观察到的最大值=10.0）。5.7的平均值在量表上被认为是“寒冷”感觉（范围从0=中性感觉至10=非常寒冷）。然而，我们观察到个体间在感知热感觉方面存在很大差异。在女性中，体重指数与暴露2分30秒和3分钟后的热感觉值显著负相关（r=-0.61，n=13，p<0.05；r=-0.56，n=13，p=0.054）。三名参与者在暴露30秒后报告热感觉较高，并且随着暴露持续，他们的冷诱导不适加剧。总之，3分钟的暴露在总体上运动员耐受性良好，可在高强度比赛期间和/或训练期间使用。然而，应特别关注体重指数较低的女性运动员，因为她们似乎对寒冷更为敏感。
