Castiglione Dora, Platania Armando, Conti Alessandra, Falla Mariagiovanna, D'Urso Maurizio, Marranzano Marina
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
Provincial Health Authority of Catania, Catania 95127, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2018 Jun 23;7(7):79. doi: 10.3390/antiox7070079.
Dietary vitamins and minerals are essential compounds for the proper functioning of metabolic enzymes, regulation of gene transcription, and powering the body’s defense against oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate micronutrient consumption separately by age and sex, major dietary sources, and percentage of individuals meeting the recommended requirements according to Italian (Livelli di Assunzione di Riferimento di Nutrienti (LARN)) and European (European Food Safety Agency (EFSA)) agencies.
Data were obtained from the Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle (MEAL) study, which included a sample of 1838 individuals randomly collected in the city of Catania, southern Italy. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on diet.
Intake of vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin B group (except vitamin B9) was in line with other reports and was adequate according to the guidelines, while the percentage of individuals meeting the guidelines for vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin B9 was about 3%, 10%, and 40%, respectively. Among minerals, intake of iron, magnesium, and selenium was adequate for most of the sample, while the percentage of individuals meeting the recommendations for calcium, sodium, and potassium intake was about 20%, 8%, and 35%, respectively.
An important percentage of the population would benefit from campaigns raising awareness of micronutrient deficiency or excessive consumption potentially affecting their health.
膳食维生素和矿物质是代谢酶正常发挥功能、调节基因转录以及为身体抵御氧化应激提供能量所必需的化合物。本研究的目的是分别按年龄和性别、主要膳食来源以及根据意大利（营养素参考摄入量水平（LARN））和欧洲（欧洲食品安全局（EFSA））机构的建议满足需求的个体百分比，来调查微量营养素的摄入量。
数据取自地中海健康饮食、衰老与生活方式（MEAL）研究，该研究包括在意大利南部卡塔尼亚市随机抽取的1838名个体的样本。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷收集饮食信息。
维生素A、维生素C和B族维生素（维生素B9除外）的摄入量与其他报告一致，并且根据指南是充足的，而满足维生素D、维生素E和维生素B9指南的个体百分比分别约为3%、10%和40%。在矿物质方面，大多数样本中铁、镁和硒的摄入量充足，而满足钙、钠和钾摄入量建议的个体百分比分别约为20%、8%和35%。
很大一部分人口将受益于提高对微量营养素缺乏或可能影响其健康的过度摄入的认识的宣传活动。
