脊髓损伤运动员的能量和营养问题：他们有低能量状态的风险吗？
Energy and Nutrient Issues in Athletes with Spinal Cord Injury: Are They at Risk for Low Energy Availability?
机构信息
Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA.
United States Olympic Committee, Chula Vista, CA 91915, USA.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2018 Aug 13;10(8):1078. doi: 10.3390/nu10081078.
Low energy availability (LEA) and nutrient intake have been well studied in able-bodied athletes, but there is a lack of research examining these issues amongst athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI). To date, there have been no studies that have examined energy availability (EA) amongst this population. Furthermore, athletes with SCI may experience unique challenges around nutrition that may increase their risk of LEA. This review will evaluate the literature and assess whether this population is at risk for LEA. Due to the limited research on this topic, sedentary individuals with SCI and para athletes were also included in this review. Review of the current literature suggests that athletes with SCI may be at an increased risk for LEA. While research examining EA and risk of LEA in athletes with SCI is lacking, the number of athletes with SCI continues to increase; therefore, further research is warranted to assess nutrient and energy needs and their risk to this population.
低能量状态（LEA）和营养摄入在身体健康的运动员中已经得到了充分研究，但对于脊髓损伤（SCI）运动员的这些问题的研究还很缺乏。迄今为止，还没有研究检查过这一人群的能量状态（EA）。此外，SCI 运动员可能会在营养方面遇到独特的挑战，这可能会增加他们处于 LEA 的风险。本综述将评估文献，并评估该人群是否存在 LEA 的风险。由于该主题的研究有限，本综述还包括久坐不动的 SCI 患者和残奥运动员。对当前文献的回顾表明，SCI 运动员可能处于 LEA 风险增加的状态。虽然研究检查了 SCI 运动员的 EA 和 LEA 风险，但 SCI 运动员的数量仍在继续增加；因此，需要进一步研究来评估营养和能量需求及其对这一人群的风险。
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