Hemmat-Jou M H, Safari-Sinegani A A, Mirzaie-Asl A, Tahmourespour A
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838695, Iran.
Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838695, Iran.
Ecotoxicology. 2018 Nov;27(9):1281-1291. doi: 10.1007/s10646-018-1981-x. Epub 2018 Sep 21.
Soil pollution occurring at mining sites has adverse impacts on soil microbial diversity. New approaches, such as metagenomics approach, have become a powerful tool to investigate biodiversity of soil microbial communities. In the current study, metagenomics approach was used to investigate the microbial diversity of soils contaminated with different concentrations of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). The contaminated soils were collected from a Pb and Zn mine. The soil total DNA was extracted and 16S rDNA genes were amplified using universal primers. The PCR amplicons were sequenced and bioinformatic analysis of metagenomes was conducted to identify prokaryotic diversity in the Pb- and Zn-contaminated soils. The results indicated that the ten most abundant bacteria in all samples were Solirubrobacter (Actinobacteria), Geobacter (Proteobacteria), Edaphobacter (Acidobacteria), Pseudomonas (Proteobacteria), Gemmatiomonas (Gemmatimonadetes), Nitrosomonas, Xanthobacter, and Sphingomonas (Proteobacteria), Pedobacter (Bacterioidetes), and Ktedonobacter (Chloroflexi), descendingly. Archaea were also numerous, and Nitrososphaerales which are important in the nitrogen cycle had the highest abundance in the samples. Although, alpha and beta diversity showed negative effects of Pb and Zn contamination on soil microbial communities, microbial diversity of the contaminated soils was not subjected to a significant change. This study provided valuable insights into microbial composition in heavy metals-contaminated soils.
矿区发生的土壤污染对土壤微生物多样性具有不利影响。诸如宏基因组学方法等新方法已成为研究土壤微生物群落生物多样性的有力工具。在本研究中，采用宏基因组学方法研究了受不同浓度铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）污染的土壤中的微生物多样性。受污染土壤取自一个铅锌矿。提取土壤总DNA，并使用通用引物扩增16S rDNA基因。对PCR扩增产物进行测序，并对宏基因组进行生物信息学分析，以确定铅和锌污染土壤中的原核生物多样性。结果表明，所有样品中最丰富的十种细菌依次为：太阳红杆菌（放线菌门）、地杆菌（变形菌门）、土杆菌（酸杆菌门）、假单胞菌（变形菌门）、芽单胞菌（芽单胞菌门）、亚硝化单胞菌、黄杆菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌（变形菌门）、 Pedobacter（拟杆菌门）和Ktedonobacter（绿弯菌门）。古菌也很多，在氮循环中起重要作用的亚硝化球菌纲在样品中的丰度最高。虽然α和β多样性显示铅和锌污染对土壤微生物群落有负面影响，但污染土壤的微生物多样性并未发生显著变化。本研究为重金属污染土壤中的微生物组成提供了有价值的见解。
