Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrients. 2018 Oct 17;10(10):1523. doi: 10.3390/nu10101523.
Obesity is a multifactorial and complex disease defined by excess of adipose mass and constitutes a serious health problem. Adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ secreting a wide range of inflammatory adipocytokines, which leads to systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and metabolic disorders. The traditional Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high phenolic-rich foods intake, including extra-virgin olive oil, nuts, red wine, vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole-grain cereals. Evidence for polyphenols' effect on obesity and weight control in humans is inconsistent and the health effects of polyphenols depend on the amount consumed and their bioavailability. The mechanisms involved in weight loss in which polyphenols may have a role are: activating β-oxidation; a prebiotic effect for gut microbiota; inducing satiety; stimulating energy expenditure by inducing thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue; modulating adipose tissue inhibiting adipocyte differentiation; promoting adipocyte apoptosis and increasing lipolysis. Even though the intake of some specific polyphenols has been associated with body weight changes, there is still no evidence for the effects of total polyphenols or some polyphenol subclasses in humans on adiposity.
肥胖是一种由脂肪量过多引起的多因素和复杂的疾病，也是一个严重的健康问题。脂肪组织作为一个内分泌器官，会分泌出大量的炎症性脂肪细胞因子，导致全身炎症、胰岛素抵抗和代谢紊乱。传统的地中海饮食的特点是富含酚类物质的食物摄入量高，包括特级初榨橄榄油、坚果、红酒、蔬菜、水果、豆类和全谷物。多酚对人类肥胖和体重控制的影响的证据并不一致，多酚的健康影响取决于其摄入量和生物利用度。多酚可能发挥作用的减肥机制包括：激活β-氧化；对肠道微生物群的益生元作用；诱导饱腹感；通过诱导棕色脂肪组织产热来刺激能量消耗；调节脂肪组织，抑制脂肪细胞分化；促进脂肪细胞凋亡和增加脂肪分解。尽管某些特定多酚的摄入与体重变化有关，但仍没有证据表明总多酚或某些多酚亚类对人体肥胖的影响。
