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分析 G 蛋白信号转导调节因子 2（RGS2）在前列腺癌进展过程中的表达和功能。

Analysis of regulator of G-protein signalling 2 (RGS2) expression and function during prostate cancer progression.

机构信息

Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.

Department of Radiation Sciences, Department of Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 22;8(1):17259. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35332-4.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-35332-4
PMID:30467386
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6250724/
Abstract

Prostate cancer (PC) represents the second highest cancer-related mortality among men and the call for biomarkers for early discrimination between aggressive and indolent forms is essential. Downregulation of Regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) has been shown in PC, however the underlying mechanism has not been described. Aberrant RGS2 expression has also been reported for other carcinomas in association to both positive and negative prognosis. In this study, we assessed RGS2 expression during PC progression in terms of regulation and impact on tumour phenotype and evaluated its prognostic value. Our experimental data suggest that the RGS2 downregulation seen in early PC is caused by hypoxia. In line with the common indolent phenotype of a primary PC, knockdown of RGS2 induced epithelial features and impaired metastatic properties. However, increased STAT3, TWIST1 and decreased E-cadherin expression suggest priming for EMT. Additionally, improved tumour cell survival and increased BCL-2 expression linked decreased RGS2 levels to fundamental tumour advantages. In contrast, high RGS2 levels in advanced PC were correlated to poor patient survival and a positive metastatic status. This study describes novel roles for RGS2 during PC progression and suggests a prognostic potential discriminating between indolent and metastatic forms of PC.

摘要

前列腺癌（PC）是男性癌症相关死亡率第二高的疾病，因此需要寻找生物标志物来早期区分侵袭性和惰性形式。已经在 PC 中观察到 Regulator of G-protein signaling 2（RGS2）下调，但尚未描述其潜在机制。其他癌症也报道了异常的 RGS2 表达，与预后的好坏有关。在这项研究中，我们评估了 RGS2 在 PC 进展过程中的表达调控及其对肿瘤表型的影响，并评估了其预后价值。我们的实验数据表明，早期 PC 中观察到的 RGS2 下调是由缺氧引起的。与原发性 PC 的常见惰性表型一致，RGS2 敲低诱导了上皮特征，并损害了转移性特性。然而，STAT3 增加、TWIST1 减少和 E-钙粘蛋白表达减少表明 EMT 已被激活。此外，肿瘤细胞存活能力提高和 BCL-2 表达增加表明与 RGS2 水平降低相关的基本肿瘤优势。相比之下，晚期 PC 中高 RGS2 水平与患者预后不良和转移性状态相关。本研究描述了 RGS2 在 PC 进展过程中的新作用，并提出了一种具有预后潜力的方法，可区分惰性和转移性 PC 形式。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/0ec567458984/41598_2018_35332_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/87027524c91c/41598_2018_35332_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/eb91ffc457d2/41598_2018_35332_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/45dae13e7ec0/41598_2018_35332_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/a2247e889f09/41598_2018_35332_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/1fb2422ffa34/41598_2018_35332_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/0ec567458984/41598_2018_35332_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/87027524c91c/41598_2018_35332_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/eb91ffc457d2/41598_2018_35332_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/45dae13e7ec0/41598_2018_35332_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/a2247e889f09/41598_2018_35332_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/1fb2422ffa34/41598_2018_35332_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/259e/6250724/0ec567458984/41598_2018_35332_Fig6_HTML.jpg

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