University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2019 Apr;26(2):661-668. doi: 10.3758/s13423-019-01579-9.
Dual process theories of intertemporal decision making propose that decision makers automatically favor immediate rewards. In this paper, we use a drift diffusion model to implement these theories, and empirically investigate the role of their proposed automatic biases. Our model permits automatic biases in the response process, in the form of a shifted starting point, as well as automatic biases in the evaluation process, in the form of an additive drift rate intercept. We fit our model to individual-level choice and response time data, and find that automatic biases (as measured though the starting point and drift rate intercept in our model) are prevalent in intertemporal choice, but that the type, magnitude, and direction of these biases vary greatly across individuals. Our results pose new challenges for theories of intertemporal choice behavior.
双过程理论认为，决策者会自动偏爱即时奖励。在本文中，我们使用漂移扩散模型来实现这些理论，并实证研究了它们所提出的自动偏差的作用。我们的模型允许在响应过程中存在自动偏差，其形式为起点的偏移，以及在评估过程中存在自动偏差，其形式为附加漂移率截距。我们根据个体层面的选择和反应时间数据来拟合模型，并发现自动偏差（如我们模型中的起点和漂移率截距所衡量的那样）在跨期选择中很普遍，但这些偏差的类型、大小和方向在个体之间差异很大。我们的研究结果为跨期选择行为理论带来了新的挑战。
