Departments of Molecular Medicine, Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Virol. 2019 Feb;34:117-129. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.01.004. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
Attachment of viruses to cell-surface receptors is the initial step in infection. Many mammalian viruses have evolved to recognize receptors that are glycans on cell-surface glycoproteins or glycolipids. Although glycans are a ubiquitous component of mammalian cells, the types of terminal structures expressed vary among different cell-types and tissues, and even between comparable cells and tissues from different species, frequently leading to specific tissue and species tropisms as a direct consequence of glycan receptor recognition. Covering the majority of known virus families, this review provides an overview of mammalian viruses that use glycans as receptors, and their roles in determining in host recognition and tropism.
病毒与细胞表面受体的附着是感染的初始步骤。许多哺乳动物病毒已经进化到能够识别细胞表面糖蛋白或糖脂上的糖受体。尽管聚糖是哺乳动物细胞的普遍组成部分，但不同细胞类型和组织表达的末端结构类型不同，甚至来自不同物种的类似细胞和组织之间也不同，这经常导致特定的组织和物种趋向性，这是糖受体识别的直接结果。本文综述了大多数已知的病毒科，介绍了以聚糖作为受体的哺乳动物病毒，以及它们在宿主识别和趋向性中的作用。
