Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.
Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Sep;51(9):1845-1851. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001987.
Ample data support that leisure time aerobic moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with lower risk of at least seven types of cancer. However, the link between muscle-strengthening activities and cancer etiology is not well understood. Our objective was to determine the association of weight lifting with incidence of 10 common cancer types.
We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association of weight lifting with incidence of 10 cancer types in the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study follow-up. Weight lifting was modeled continuously and categorically. Dose-response relationships were evaluated using cubic restricted spline models. We explored whether associations varied by subgroups defined by sex, age, and body mass index using the Wald test for homogeneity. We examined joint categories of MVPA and weight lifting in relation to cancer risk for significant associations.
After adjusting for all covariates including MVPA, we observed a statistically significant lower risk of colon cancer (Ptrend = 0.003) in individuals who weight lifted; the HR and 95% CI associated with low and high weight lifting as compared with no weight lifting were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.66-0.87) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.61-0.98), respectively. The weight lifting-colon cancer relationship differed between men and women (any weight lifting vs no weight lifting: HRmen = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84-0.98; HRwomen = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.93-1.08; Pinteraction = 0.008). A lower risk of kidney cancer among weight lifters was observed but became nonsignificant after adjusting for MVPA (Ptrend = 0.06), resulting in an HR of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.78-1.12) for low weight lifting and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.59-1.11) for high weight lifting.
Participants who engaged in weight lifting had a significantly lower risk of colon cancer and a trend toward a lower risk of kidney cancer than participants who did not weight lift.
大量数据表明，休闲时间进行有氧运动的中等至剧烈强度体育活动（MVPA）与降低至少七种癌症的风险有关。然而，肌肉强化活动与癌症病因之间的联系还不太清楚。我们的目的是确定举重与 10 种常见癌症类型发病的关系。
我们使用多变量 Cox 回归来估计与国立卫生研究院-美国退休人员协会饮食与健康研究随访中 10 种癌症类型发病相关的举重风险的危险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。举重以连续和分类的方式进行建模。使用三次限制样条模型评估剂量反应关系。我们使用 Wald 检验异质性来探索这些关联是否因性别、年龄和体重指数定义的亚组而不同。我们研究了 MVPA 和举重联合类别的联合与癌症风险之间的关系，以确定有显著关联的情况。
在调整包括 MVPA 在内的所有协变量后，我们观察到举重者患结肠癌的风险显著降低（Ptrend = 0.003）；与不举重相比，低举重和高举重与不举重相关的 HR 和 95%CI 分别为 0.75（95%CI，0.66-0.87）和 0.78（95%CI，0.61-0.98）。举重与结肠癌的关系在男性和女性之间存在差异（任何举重与不举重相比：HRmen = 0.91；95%CI，0.84-0.98；HRwomen = 1.00；95%CI，0.93-1.08；Pinteraction = 0.008）。尽管观察到举重者患肾癌的风险较低，但在调整 MVPA 后变得无统计学意义（Ptrend = 0.06），导致低举重的 HR 为 0.94（95%CI，0.78-1.12），高举重的 HR 为 0.80（95%CI，0.59-1.11）。
与不举重的参与者相比，进行举重的参与者患结肠癌的风险显著降低，患肾癌的风险有降低趋势。
