Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 18097, Riyadh, Postal code 11415, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2019 Mar;9(1):3-10. doi: 10.2991/jegh.k.181224.001.
Orbital lesions vary in their classification, incidence, and presentation depending on the age and geographic distribution. Such lesions in the pediatric age group have been studied extensively because of the possibility of faster progression of orbital involvement and the higher risk of morbidity in this age group in which vision is still developing. In Saudi Arabia, orbital lesions were studied over a 6-year period in the late 1980s, when retinoblastoma cases used to present late with orbital involvement. In this study, we revisited the same topic 20 years later aiming to find out the most recent prevalence of orbital lesions in a similar population of patients over a longer period (14 years) in the same eye center, and compare the current results to other reports worldwide. A total of 107 lesions from 106 patients were identified by tissue diagnosis, of which more than half of the lesions were benign cystic (being the most common), vasculogenic, and inflammatory in 63% [95% confidence interval (CI, 53.3-72.0)] of all biopsied lesions. Neoplasms accounted for 37% [95% CI (28.0-45.8)] with rhabdomyosarcoma being the most common, accounting for about one third of neoplasms, and no orbital cases of retinoblastoma were found. Our results demonstrated different distribution of orbital lesions in recent years reflecting the indirect effect of the improved health awareness and medical care in Saudi Arabia. This baseline demographic study is expected to be helpful for further clinical and prognostic studies with emphasis on pediatric orbital malignant lesions, their clinical presentation, management, and prognosis.
眼眶病变的分类、发病率和表现因年龄和地理位置而异。由于儿童组眼眶受累的进展速度可能更快，且该年龄段视力仍在发育，发病率更高，因此对该年龄段的眼眶病变进行了广泛研究。在沙特阿拉伯，20 世纪 80 年代后期曾对 6 年内的眼眶病变进行过研究，当时视网膜母细胞瘤患者常因眼眶受累而就诊较晚。在这项研究中，我们在 20 年后重新研究了同一个课题，旨在发现在同一眼中心更长时间（14 年）内，具有相似人群的眼眶病变的最新流行率，并将目前的结果与全球其他报告进行比较。通过组织诊断确定了 106 例患者中的 107 个病变，其中一半以上的病变为良性囊性（最常见）、血管源性和炎症性，占所有活检病变的 63%[95%置信区间（CI），53.3-72.0]。肿瘤占 37%[95%CI（28.0-45.8）]，横纹肌肉瘤最常见，占肿瘤的三分之一左右，未发现眼眶视网膜母细胞瘤病例。我们的结果表明，近年来眼眶病变的分布不同，这反映了沙特阿拉伯提高健康意识和医疗保健的间接影响。这项基础人口统计学研究有望为进一步的临床和预后研究提供帮助，重点是儿科眼眶恶性病变、其临床表现、治疗和预后。
