State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
BMC Vet Res. 2019 Jul 10;15(1):239. doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1991-9.
Probiotics are important for pigs to enhance health and intestinal development, which are potential alternative to antibiotics. Many studies have reported the functions of single bacterial strain as probiotic on the animals. In this study, we evaluated effects of combined probiotics on growth performance, inflammation and intestinal microbiota in weaned pigs. One hundred and eight pigs, weaned at 28 day old (7.12 ± 0.08 kg), were randomly divided into the 3 dietary treatments with 6 pens and 6 pigs per pen (half male and half female). The experimental period lasted for 28 days and treatments were as follows: i.
basal diet; ii. Antibiotic: the basal diet plus 75 mg· kg chlortetracycline; and iii. Probiotics: basal diet plus 4% compound probiotics.
Supplementation probiotics improved average daily gain over the entire 28 days (P < 0.01) and feed efficiency in the last 14 days (P < 0.05) compared with the other two groups. Both probiotics and antibiotic supplementation decreased concentrations of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (P < 0.05) and interferon-γ (P < 0.01). Probiotics group had greater abundance of Lactobacillus in the caecal digesta and Firmicutes in the colonic digesta, while both probiotics and antibiotic supplementation inhibited Treponema_2 and Anaerovibrio in the caecal digesta. Caecal acetic and propionic acid (P < 0.05) of probiotics group were higher than the other two groups, whereas concentrations of colonic lactic acid and propionic acid (P < 0.05) of antibiotic group were lower than control and probiotics groups.
These findings suggest that combined supplementation of Lactobacillus fermentum and Pediococcus acidilactici regulate the gut health and improve the host ADG and F/G by decreasing serum pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IFN-γ), promoting beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus in the caecal digesta and Firmicutes in the colonic digesta), enhancing production of short chain fatty acids, and inhibiting pathogens (Treponema_2, Anaerovibrio in the caecal digesta).
益生菌对猪的健康和肠道发育很重要，是抗生素的潜在替代品。许多研究已经报道了单一细菌菌株作为益生菌对动物的作用。在这项研究中，我们评估了复合益生菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、炎症和肠道微生物群的影响。108 头 28 日龄（7.12±0.08kg）断奶仔猪随机分为 3 种日粮处理，每个处理 6 个栏，每个栏 6 头猪（半公半母）。试验期为 28 天，处理如下：i.对照：基础日粮；ii.抗生素：基础日粮加 75mg·kg 金霉素；iii.益生菌：基础日粮加 4%复合益生菌。
与其他两组相比，添加益生菌可提高整个 28 天的平均日增重（P<0.01）和最后 14 天的饲料效率（P<0.05）。益生菌和抗生素的添加均降低了血清促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-6（P<0.05）和干扰素-γ（P<0.01）的浓度。益生菌组盲肠内容物中乳杆菌和结肠内容物中厚壁菌门的丰度增加，而益生菌和抗生素的添加均抑制了盲肠内容物中的螺旋体和厌氧弧菌。益生菌组盲肠乙酸和丙酸（P<0.05）高于其他两组，而抗生素组结肠乳酸和丙酸（P<0.05）低于对照和益生菌组。
这些发现表明，Lactobacillus fermentum 和 Pediococcus acidilactici 的联合补充通过降低血清促炎因子（IL-6、IFN-γ）、促进有益细菌（盲肠内容物中的乳杆菌和结肠内容物中的厚壁菌门）、增强短链脂肪酸的产生和抑制病原体（盲肠内容物中的螺旋体和厌氧弧菌）来调节肠道健康，提高宿主的 ADG 和 F/G。
