Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 4;11(9):2089. doi: 10.3390/nu11092089.
Several health-promoting effects of kefir have been suggested, however, there is limited evidence for its potential effect on gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome This study aimed to investigate the effects of regular kefir consumption on gut microbiota composition, and their relation with the components of metabolic syndrome. In a parallel-group, randomized, controlled clinical trial setting, patients with metabolic syndrome were randomized to receive 180 mL/day kefir ( = 12) or unfermented milk ( = 10) for 12 weeks. Anthropometrical measurements, blood samples, blood pressure measurements, and fecal samples were taken at the beginning and end of the study. Fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a significant decrease by the intervention of kefir ( ≤ 0.05, for each). However, no significant difference was obtained between the kefir and unfermented milk groups ( > 0.05 for each). Gut microbiota analysis showed that regular kefir consumption resulted in a significant increase only in the relative abundance of ( = 0.023). No significant change in the relative abundance of by kefir consumption was obtained. Furthermore, the changes in the relative abundance of sub-phylum bacterial populations did not differ significantly between the groups ( > 0.05, for each). Kefir supplementation had favorable effects on some of the metabolic syndrome parameters, however, further investigation is needed to understand its effect on gut microbiota composition.
已有研究表明，克菲尔具有多种促进健康的功效，但关于其对代谢综合征患者肠道微生物群的潜在影响，目前证据有限。本研究旨在探究规律摄入克菲尔对肠道微生物群组成的影响，并分析其与代谢综合征各组分之间的关系。采用平行分组、随机、对照临床试验设计，将代谢综合征患者随机分为两组，分别接受 180 mL/天克菲尔（n = 12）或未发酵乳（n = 10）干预 12 周。在研究开始和结束时，分别采集人体测量学指标、血样、血压和粪便样本。干预后，空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR、TNF-α、IFN-γ、收缩压和舒张压均显著下降（≤0.05，每项指标）。然而，克菲尔组和未发酵乳组之间未观察到显著差异（每项指标均＞0.05）。肠道微生物群分析显示，规律摄入克菲尔仅使相对丰度显著增加（=0.023）。摄入克菲尔并未导致相对丰度发生显著变化。此外，各组间亚菌门细菌种群的相对丰度变化无显著差异（每项指标均＞0.05）。克菲尔补充剂对代谢综合征的某些参数具有有益影响，但仍需进一步研究以了解其对肠道微生物群组成的影响。
