Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (NILPRP), Bucharest-Magurele, 077125 Magurele, Romania.
Molecules. 2019 Sep 30;24(19):3547. doi: 10.3390/molecules24193547.
The disadvantages that come with traditional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, generated a research shift toward nanotechnology. However, even with the important advancements regarding cancer therapy, there are still serious stepping stones that need to be addressed. The use of both nanotechnology and nanomedicine has generated significant improvements in nano-sized materials development and their use as therapeutic, diagnosis, and imaging agents. The biological barriers that come from the healthy body, as well from the tumorous sites, are important parameters that need to be taken into consideration when designing drug delivery systems. There are several aspects of extreme importance such as the tumor microenvironment and vasculature, the reticuloendothelial system, the blood-brain barrier, the blood-tumor barrier, and the renal system. In order to achieve an effective system for cancer therapy, several characteristics of the nanoparticles have been outlined. Moreover, this review has also focused on the different types of nanoparticles that have been studied over the years as potential candidates for cancer therapy.
传统癌症治疗方法（如化疗和放疗）带来的弊端促使研究转向纳米技术。然而，即使癌症治疗有了重要的进展，仍然有一些严重的问题需要解决。纳米技术和纳米医学的应用在纳米材料的开发及其作为治疗、诊断和成像剂的应用方面取得了重大进展。来自健康身体和肿瘤部位的生物屏障是设计药物输送系统时需要考虑的重要参数。有几个方面非常重要，如肿瘤微环境和脉管系统、网状内皮系统、血脑屏障、血肿瘤屏障和肾脏系统。为了实现癌症治疗的有效系统，已经概述了纳米粒子的几个特征。此外，本文还重点介绍了多年来作为癌症治疗潜在候选物的不同类型的纳米粒子。
