Neuroscience Department, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 25;14(10):e0223896. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223896. eCollection 2019.
Visual aesthetic experiences unfold over time, yet most of our understanding of such experiences comes from experiments using static visual stimuli and measuring static responses. Here, we investigated the temporal dynamics of subjective aesthetic experience using temporally extended stimuli (movie clips) in combination with continuous behavioral ratings. Two groups of participants, a rate group (n = 25) and a view group (n = 25), watched 30-second video clips of landscapes and dance performances in test and retest blocks. The rate group reported continuous ratings while watching the videos, with an overall aesthetic judgment at the end of each video, in both test and retest blocks. The view group, however, passively watched the videos in the test block, reporting only an overall aesthetic judgment at the end of each clip. In the retest block, the view group reported both continuous and overall judgments. When comparing the two groups, we found that the task of making continuous ratings did not influence overall ratings or agreement across participants. In addition, the degree of temporal variation in continuous ratings over time differed substantially by observer (from slower "integrators" to "fast responders"), but less so by video. Reliability of continuous ratings across repeated exposures was in general high, but also showed notable variance across participants. Together, these results show that temporally extended stimuli produce aesthetic experiences that are not the same from person to person, and that continuous behavioral ratings provide a reliable window into the temporal dynamics of such aesthetic experiences while not materially altering the experiences themselves.
视觉审美体验是随着时间展开的，但我们对这些体验的大部分理解来自于使用静态视觉刺激和测量静态反应的实验。在这里，我们使用时间扩展的刺激（电影片段）结合连续行为评分来研究主观审美体验的时间动态。两组参与者，评分组（n=25）和观看组（n=25），在测试和复测块中观看了 30 秒的风景和舞蹈表演视频片段。评分组在观看视频时报告连续评分，并在每个视频结束时进行整体审美判断，在测试和复测块中都是如此。然而，观看组在测试块中被动观看视频，仅在每个片段结束时报告整体审美判断。在复测块中，观看组报告了连续和整体判断。当比较两组时，我们发现进行连续评分的任务不会影响整体评分或参与者之间的一致性。此外，连续评分随时间的时间变化程度在观察者之间有很大差异（从较慢的“积分器”到“快速响应者”），但在视频之间则较少。连续评分在重复暴露中的可靠性通常较高，但在参与者之间也有明显差异。总的来说，这些结果表明，时间扩展的刺激产生的审美体验因人而异，连续的行为评分提供了一个可靠的窗口，可以了解这种审美体验的时间动态，而不会实质性地改变体验本身。
