Kabir Abba, Bukar Mwajim, Nggada Haruna Asura, Rann Harun Bakari, Gidado Abubakar, Musa Alhaji Bukar
Department of Human Pathology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Biotechnology Centre, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Aug 5;33:284. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.284.18338. eCollection 2019.
Cervical cancer is the commonest gynaecological malignancy and the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Several epidemiological, clinical and molecular studies have strongly implicated oncogenic high-risk human papillomavirus infection in the aetiopathogenesis of cervical cancer. The objectives of this study were to determine the cervical HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in cervical cancer in Maiduguri, Nigeria.
This was a descriptive and retrospective study. Sixty-three archived paraffin-embedded tissue blocks with confirmed diagnoses of cervical cancer during the study period (2013-2015) were retrieved and examined. The procedure included deparaffinization of tissue samples, DNA extraction, PCR, gel electrophoresis, and HPV genotyping by reverse hybridization line probe assay.
Sixty-three cervical cancer cases were subjected to genomic DNA extraction and HPV-DNA detection by PCR. Fifty-eight samples showed PCR positivity while 5 samples were PCR negative. HPV-specific DNA was detected in 44 of the 58 PCR-positive samples and thus the prevalence was 69.8%. Ten different high-risk HPV genotypes were detected. Both single and multiple high-risk HPV infections were observed. The most prevalent type of the human papillomavirus detected was HPV16.
HPV-DNA was prevalent in majority of the examined cervical cancer tissues and that HPV16, HPV18, HPV45, HPV51 and HPV52 were the predominant HPVs detected in both single and multiple HPV infections. The results of this study and further studies will provide more detailed information about HPV and may contribute significantly to the prevention of cervical cancer through primary high-risk HPV testing and HPV vaccination against the oncogenic viruses.
宫颈癌是最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤，也是全球女性中第二常见的癌症。多项流行病学、临床和分子研究有力地表明，致癌性高危人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈癌的发病机制有关。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚迈杜古里宫颈癌患者中宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的流行率和基因型分布。
这是一项描述性回顾性研究。检索并检查了63个在研究期间（2013 - 2015年）确诊为宫颈癌的存档石蜡包埋组织块。该过程包括组织样本脱石蜡、DNA提取、聚合酶链反应（PCR）、凝胶电泳以及通过反向杂交线探针法进行HPV基因分型。
对63例宫颈癌病例进行了基因组DNA提取和通过PCR检测HPV - DNA。58个样本PCR呈阳性，5个样本PCR呈阴性。在58个PCR阳性样本中的44个检测到了HPV特异性DNA，因此流行率为69.8%。检测到10种不同的高危HPV基因型。观察到了单一和多重高危HPV感染。检测到的最常见的人乳头瘤病毒类型是HPV16。
HPV - DNA在大多数检测的宫颈癌组织中普遍存在，并且HPV16、HPV18、HPV45、HPV51和HPV52是在单一和多重HPV感染中检测到的主要HPV类型。本研究及进一步研究的结果将提供有关HPV的更详细信息，并可能通过初级高危HPV检测和针对致癌病毒的HPV疫苗接种对预防宫颈癌做出重大贡献。
