Ehrensberger Mark T, Clark Caelen M, Canty Mary K, McDermott Eric P
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, 445 Biomedical Research Building, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA.
2Department of Orthopaedics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA.
Biomed Eng Lett. 2019 Nov 19;10(1):17-41. doi: 10.1007/s13534-019-00134-8. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Osseointegrated (OI) prosthetic limbs have been shown to provide an advantageous treatment option for amputees. In order for the OI prosthesis to be successful, the titanium implant must rapidly achieve and maintain proper integration with the bone tissue and remain free of infection. Electrochemical methods can be utilized to control and/or monitor the interfacial microenvironment where the titanium implant interacts with the biological system (host bone tissue or bacteria). This review will summarize the current understanding of how electrochemical modalities can influence bone tissue and bacteria with specific emphasis on applications where the metallic prosthesis itself can be utilized directly as a stimulating electrode for enhanced osseointegration and infection control. In addition, a summary of electrochemical impedance sensing techniques that could be used to potentially assess osseointegration and infection status of the metallic prosthesis is presented.
骨整合（OI）假肢已被证明为截肢者提供了一种有利的治疗选择。为了使OI假肢取得成功，钛植入物必须迅速与骨组织实现并保持适当的整合，且无感染。电化学方法可用于控制和/或监测钛植入物与生物系统（宿主骨组织或细菌）相互作用的界面微环境。本综述将总结目前对电化学方式如何影响骨组织和细菌的理解，特别强调金属假肢本身可直接用作刺激电极以增强骨整合和控制感染的应用。此外，还介绍了可用于潜在评估金属假肢骨整合和感染状态的电化学阻抗传感技术的总结。
