Payne Samantha L, Levin Michael, Oudin Madeleine J
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts.
Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts.
Bioelectricity. 2019 Sep 1;1(3):114-130. doi: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0013. Epub 2019 Sep 16.
As the leading cause of death in cancer, there is an urgent need to develop treatments to target the dissemination of primary tumor cells to secondary organs, known as metastasis. Bioelectric signaling has emerged in the last century as an important controller of cell growth, and with the development of current molecular tools we are now beginning to identify its role in driving cell migration and metastasis in a variety of cancer types. This review summarizes the currently available research for bioelectric signaling in solid tumor metastasis. We review the steps of metastasis and discuss how these can be controlled by bioelectric cues at the level of a cell, a population of cells, and the tissue. The role of ion channel, pump, and exchanger activity and ion flux is discussed, along with the importance of the membrane potential and the relationship between ion flux and membrane potential. We also provide an overview of the evidence for control of metastasis by external electric fields (EFs) and draw from examples in embryogenesis and regeneration to discuss the implications for endogenous EFs. By increasing our understanding of the dynamic properties of bioelectric signaling, we can develop new strategies that target metastasis to be translated into the clinic.
作为癌症的主要死因，迫切需要开发针对原发性肿瘤细胞扩散至次级器官（即转移）的治疗方法。生物电信号在上个世纪已成为细胞生长的重要调控因子，随着当前分子工具的发展，我们现在开始确定其在多种癌症类型中驱动细胞迁移和转移的作用。本综述总结了目前关于生物电信号在实体瘤转移方面的研究。我们回顾了转移的步骤，并讨论了在细胞、细胞群体和组织水平上生物电信号如何控制这些步骤。讨论了离子通道、泵和交换器活性以及离子通量的作用，以及膜电位的重要性和离子通量与膜电位之间的关系。我们还概述了外部电场控制转移的证据，并借鉴胚胎发育和再生的例子来讨论内源性电场的影响。通过增进我们对生物电信号动态特性的理解，我们可以开发针对转移的新策略并转化到临床应用中。
