Kaushik Samander, Kaushik Sulochana, Sharma Yashika, Kumar Ramesh, Yadav Jaya Parkash
Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India.
Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India.
Virusdisease. 2020 Jun;31(2):146-153. doi: 10.1007/s13337-020-00587-x. Epub 2020 May 4.
The emerging infection of COVID-19 was initiated from Wuhan, China, have been spread to more than 210 countries around the globe including India. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are very similar to other respiratory viruses. The number of laboratory-confirmed cases and associated deaths are increasing regularly in various parts of the World. Seven coronaviruses (229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, SARS, MERS and, COVID-19) can naturally infect human beings. Out of these four (229E-CoV, NL63-CoV, OC43-CoV, HKU1-CoV) are responsible for mild upper respiratory infections, while SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and COVID-19 are well known for their high mortality. Few mild strains of coronaviruses are circulating in India but there is no evidence of SARS and MERS outbreaks. The COVID-19 is an emerging viral infection responsible for pandemics. Fortunately, the mortality of COVID-19 is low as compared with SARS and MERS, the majority of its cases are recovered. The death toll of COVID-19 is high even after its low mortality because COVID-19 causes a pandemic while SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV cause epidemics only. COVID-19 influenced the large segments of the world population, which led to a public health emergency of international concern, putting all health organizations on high alert. COVID-19 is the first coronavirus after Spanish Flu 1918-1919, who has extremely influenced the health system, economy, and psychology of India. The present study review is on the general continent, virology, pathogenesis, global epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and control of COVID-19 with the reference to India.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）这一新兴传染病起源于中国武汉，现已传播至全球210多个国家，包括印度。COVID-19的临床症状与其他呼吸道病毒非常相似。全球各地实验室确诊病例数和相关死亡人数都在不断增加。七种冠状病毒（229E、NL63、OC43、HKU1、SARS、MERS和COVID-19）可自然感染人类。其中四种（229E冠状病毒、NL63冠状病毒、OC43冠状病毒、HKU1冠状病毒）会引发轻度上呼吸道感染，而SARS冠状病毒、MERS冠状病毒和COVID-19则以高死亡率而闻名。印度有少数轻度冠状病毒毒株在传播，但没有SARS和MERS爆发的证据。COVID-19是一种引发全球大流行的新兴病毒感染。幸运的是，与SARS和MERS相比，COVID-19的死亡率较低，大多数病例可康复。尽管COVID-19死亡率较低，但其死亡人数仍然很高，因为COVID-19引发了全球大流行，而SARS冠状病毒和MERS冠状病毒仅引发局部流行。COVID-19影响了世界上很大一部分人口，导致了国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，使所有卫生组织都处于高度戒备状态。COVID-19是1918 - 1919年西班牙流感之后第一种对印度的卫生系统、经济和心理产生极大影响的冠状病毒。本研究综述是关于COVID-19在印度的总体情况、病毒学、发病机制、全球流行病学、临床表现、诊断、治疗和防控。
