Rainha João, Gomes Daniela, Rodrigues Lígia R, Rodrigues Joana L
Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Life (Basel). 2020 May 2;10(5):56. doi: 10.3390/life10050056.
Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites with diverse biological and potential therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer, among others. However, their extraction from the native plants is not enough to satisfy the increasing demand for this type of compounds. The development of microbial cell factories to effectively produce polyphenols may represent the most attractive solution to overcome this limitation and produce high amounts of these bioactive molecules. With the advances in the synthetic biology field, the development of efficient microbial cell factories has become easier, largely due to the development of the molecular biology techniques and by the identification of novel isoenzymes in plants or simpler organisms to construct the heterologous pathways. Furthermore, efforts have been made to make the process more profitable through improvements in the host chassis. In this review, advances in the production of polyphenols by genetically engineered as well as by synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches to improve the production of these compounds at industrial settings are discussed.
多酚是植物次生代谢产物，具有多种生物学和潜在治疗活性，如抗氧化、抗炎和抗癌等。然而，从天然植物中提取多酚不足以满足对这类化合物日益增长的需求。开发能够有效生产多酚的微生物细胞工厂可能是克服这一限制并大量生产这些生物活性分子的最具吸引力的解决方案。随着合成生物学领域的进展，高效微生物细胞工厂的开发变得更加容易，这主要归功于分子生物学技术的发展以及在植物或更简单生物体中鉴定出新的同工酶以构建异源途径。此外，人们还努力通过改进宿主底盘使该过程更具盈利性。在这篇综述中，讨论了通过基因工程以及合成生物学和代谢工程方法在工业环境中提高多酚产量的研究进展。
