Li Wenjun, Hu Ming, Xue Yang, Li Zhijun, Zhang Yanfei, Zheng Daoxu, Lu Guangtao, Wang Junxia, Zhou Jianuan
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Shantou Forestry Research Institute, Shantou 515041, China.
Microorganisms. 2020 May 8;8(5):689. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8050689.
Bayberry () is a commercial fruit in China. For the past seven years, twig blight disease has been attacking bayberry plantations in Shantou City, Guangdong Province, China, leading to destructive damage and financial loss. In this study, five fungal species associated with twig dieback and stem blight were identified based on morphological characteristics combined with multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, partial sequences of β-tubulin (), translation elongation factor 1-α (-α), large subunit ribosomal RNA () and small subunit ribosomal RNA () genes, which are , , , and a new species . is the chief pathogen in fields, based on its high isolation rate and fast disease progression after inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the above five fungi as the pathogens responsible for bayberry twig blight. Indoor screening of fungicides indicates that Prochloraz (copper salt) is the most promising fungicide for field application, followed by Pyraclostrobin, 15% Difenoconazole + 15% Propiconazole, Difenoconazole and Myclobutanil. Additionally, strain 3-10 and zeamines from strain EC1 could be used as potential ecofriendly alternatives to control the disease.
杨梅是中国的一种商业水果。在过去七年里，枝枯病一直在侵袭中国广东省汕头市的杨梅种植园，造成毁灭性破坏和经济损失。在本研究中，基于形态特征并结合对内部转录间隔区（ITS）区域、β-微管蛋白（）部分序列、翻译延伸因子1-α（-α）、核糖体大亚基RNA（）和核糖体小亚基RNA（）基因的多位点序列分析（MLSA），鉴定出与枝枯和茎枯相关的五种真菌，它们分别是、、、和一个新物种。由于其分离率高且接种后病害发展迅速，是田间的主要病原菌。据我们所知，这是首次报道上述五种真菌为杨梅枝枯病病原菌的研究。室内杀菌剂筛选表明，咪鲜胺（铜盐）是最有希望用于田间应用的杀菌剂，其次是吡唑醚菌酯、15%苯醚甲环唑+15%丙环唑、苯醚甲环唑和腈菌唑。此外，菌株3-10和来自菌株EC1的玉米素可作为控制该病的潜在环保替代品。
