Zhang Yong, Cao Ningning, Yue Chang, Dai Lina, Wu Yan Jing
School of Foreign Languages, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China.
College of International Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Front Psychol. 2020 Apr 30;11:791. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00791. eCollection 2020.
Language switching involves multiple processing stages. Previous studies have not dissociated the cognitive process underlying language form switches and concept switches. Here, we examined the two factors using a novel language-switching paradigm. Chinese-English bilinguals named individually presented pictures in either Chinese or English according to a language cue. Pictures in two consecutive trials represented either identical, semantically related, or unrelated concepts. Results showed both language (form) switch costs and concept switch costs. The interaction between these two factors suggested that the effects were additive, with the longest naming response times observed when two pictures were semantically unrelated and involved a switch between languages. These findings suggest that the functional loci of the language control mechanism occur at multiple processing stages. Implications of the findings are discussed within current models of language processing in bilinguals.
语言切换涉及多个处理阶段。以往的研究尚未区分语言形式切换和概念切换背后的认知过程。在此，我们使用一种新颖的语言切换范式对这两个因素进行了研究。汉英双语者根据语言提示用中文或英文对单独呈现的图片进行命名。连续两次试验中的图片代表相同、语义相关或不相关的概念。结果显示了语言（形式）切换成本和概念切换成本。这两个因素之间的相互作用表明，这些效应是累加的，当两张图片语义不相关且涉及语言切换时，命名反应时间最长。这些发现表明，语言控制机制的功能位点发生在多个处理阶段。我们在当前双语者语言处理模型的框架内讨论了这些发现的意义。
